Purpose. The aim of our study is to investigate whether thyroid nodules (TNs) localization has value as a predictor of malignancy. Ultrasonography provides very valuable information in the evaluation of TNs, but it does not correlate perfectly with histopathologic findings. Therefore, studies that will include new diagnostic methods that can improve these unknowns can be welcomed gratefully. Methods. This study was carried out retrospectively in a tertiary care center from September 2016 to January 2020. The study included 862 adult patients who have one or more nodules. Ultrasonography of characteristics of nodules such as echogenicity, content, margins, calcifications, size, and localization was recorded. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was performed on dominant and suspicious 1142 nodules. Results. The patients were composed of 692 (80.3%) females and 170 (19.7%) males. Compared to nodules located in the isthmus; the malignancy risk increased 8.39 (OR: 8.39 (2.34–30.12),  = 0.001) times in the lower pole, 4.27 (OR: 4.27 (1.16–15.72),  = 0.029), times in the middle pole, 8.09 (OR: 8.09 (2.11–30.94),  = 0.002) times in the upper pole, and 7.63 (OR: 7.63 (1.95–29.81),  = 0.003) times in the nodules covering the whole of the lobe. Although the most nodular location was in the middle pole, the risk of malignancy was less than that in the lower and upper poles. Conclusions. Unlike the other localization studies, we found a higher risk of malignancy in the lower and similarly upper thyroid poles. Besides well-defined malignancy indicators in the literature and guidelines, localization information is promising for this purpose in the future.

中文翻译：

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位于下极的甲状腺结节比位于峡部的恶性风险更高：单中心经验

目的。我们研究的目的是调查甲状腺结节 (TNs) 定位是否具有作为恶性肿瘤预测因子的价值。超声检查在评估 TN 方面提供了非常有价值的信息，但它与组织病理学发现并不完全相关。因此，将包括可以改善这些未知因素的新诊断方法的研究将受到欢迎。方法. 本研究于 2016 年 9 月至 2020 年 1 月在一家三级医疗中心回顾性进行。该研究包括 862 名患有一个或多个结节的成年患者。记录结节特征的超声检查，例如回声、内容、边缘、钙化、大小和定位。对显性和可疑的 1142 个结节进行了细针穿刺活检 (FNAB)。结果。患者由 692 名（80.3%）女性和 170 名（19.7%）男性组成。与位于峡部的结节相比；恶性风险 在下极增加 8.39 (OR: 8.39 (2.34–30.12), = 0.001) 倍，在中极增加 4.27 (OR: 4.27 (1.16–15.72),  = 0.029) 倍，8.09 (OR: 8.09) (2.11–30.94), = 0.002) 次在上极，7.63 (OR: 7.63 (1.95–29.81),  = 0.003) 次在覆盖整个肺叶的结节中。虽然结节最多的位置在中极，但恶性肿瘤的风险低于上下两极。结论。与其他定位研究不同，我们发现甲状腺下极和类似的上极发生恶性肿瘤的风险更高。除了文献和指南中明确定义的恶性肿瘤指标外，本地化信息在未来也有望用于此目的。