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Microbiological analysis of water and fish of fish farms in the protection area of the western lowlands of Maranhão, Brazil
Aquaculture Research ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-14 , DOI: 10.1111/are.15451
Manoel Cleber Sampaio Silva 1 , Ingrid Tayane Vieira do Silva do Nascimento 1 , Janderson Bruzaca Gomes 1 , Flávia de Aquino Cutrim Farias 2 , Débora Martins Silva Santos 1 , Thiago Anchieta de Melo 1 , Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Serra 1
Affiliation  

This work aimed to analyse the water quality and identify the fungal diversity present in the skin and gills of tambatinga fish from the environmental protection area of the western lowlands of Maranhão, Brazil. The physicochemical parameters of water were analysed and microbiological tests were carried out to identify the most probable number of total coliforms and Escherichia coli. Forty tambatinga specimens were collected. In addition, skin and gill fragments were removed for fungi isolation in culture medium (BDA). Physicochemical and microbiological parameters of water, fish biometry and fungal diversity of fish in the dry and rainy periods were analysed. Results showed significant differences in the total length (TC) and weight (P) of fish in the dry and rainy periods. Microbiological data showed that the water of the four fish farms analysed in both periods are within the limits established by the National Environment Council (CONAMA) of Brazil and within limits established in complementary literature. Regarding the physicochemical parameters of water, only conductivity (F (1, 14) = 8.611; p = 0.011) and temperature had considerable differences (F (1, 14) = 11.037; p = 0.005). There was prevalence of yeasts (33%) and fungi of the genus Fusarium sp. (26%), Penicillium sp. (21%) and Aspegillus sp. (20%). The analysis of fungal diversity showed associations for sex, Aspegillus sp. (X2 = 19,600; DF = 1; p = 0,001) and the dry season, Penicillium sp. (X2 = 8,120; DF = 1; p = 0,004) and Fusarium sp. (X2 = 21.583; GL = 1; p = 0.001). It is concluded, therefore, that the harvests are within the established by the legislation of the National Environment Council—CONAMA in Brazil and complementary literature. However, it is necessary to evaluate the presence of possible mycotoxins in cultivated fish, since the most prevalent fungal species are considered to be mycotoxigenic fungi and are widely disseminated in the environment.

中文翻译:

巴西马拉尼昂西部低地保护区养鱼场水和鱼的微生物分析

这项工作旨在分析水质并确定来自巴西马拉尼昂西部低地环境保护区的 tambatinga 鱼的皮肤和鳃中存在的真菌多样性。分析水的理化参数并进行微生物测试以确定最可能的总大肠菌群和大肠杆菌数. 收集了四十个坦巴廷加标本。此外,去除皮肤和鳃碎片以在培养基 (BDA) 中分离真菌。分析了旱季和雨季水的理化和微生物参数、鱼类生物特征和鱼类的真菌多样性。结果表明,旱季和雨季鱼的总长度(TC)和体重(P)存在显着差异。微生物数据显示,两个时期分析的四个养鱼场的水都在巴西国家环境委员会 (CONAMA) 规定的限度内,并且在补充文献规定的限度内。关于水的理化参数,只有电导率(F (1, 14) = 8.611; p  = 0.011)和温度有较大差异(F (1, 14) = 11.037; p = 0.005)。酵母菌 (33%) 和镰刀菌属真菌普遍存在。(26%),青霉属。(21%) 和曲霉属。(20%)。真菌多样性的分析显示了性别的关联,曲霉属。(X2 = 19,600;DF = 1;p  = 0,001)和旱季,青霉菌属。(X2 = 8,120;DF = 1;p  = 0,004)和镰刀菌属。(X2 = 21.583;GL = 1;p = 0.001)。因此,得出的结论是,收获是在巴西国家环境委员会(CONAMA)立法和补充文献规定的范围内。然而,有必要评估养殖鱼类中可能存在的真菌毒素,因为最普遍的真菌物种被认为是产真菌的真菌,并在环境中广泛传播。
更新日期:2021-07-14
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