Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by excessive clonal proliferation of plasma cells. The treatment of multiple myeloma presents a variety of unique challenges due to the complex molecular pathophysiology and incurable status of the disease at this time. Given that MM is the second most common blood cancer with a characteristic and unavoidable relapse/refractory state during the course of the disease, the development of new therapeutic modalities is crucial. Belantamab mafodotin (belamaf, GSK2857916) is a first-in-class therapeutic, indicated for patients who have previously attempted four other treatments, including an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, a proteosome inhibitor, and an immunomodulatory agent. In November 2017, the FDA designated belamaf as a breakthrough therapy for heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. In August 2020, the FDA granted accelerated approval as a monotherapy for relapsed or treatment-refractory multiple myeloma. The drug was also approved in the EU for this indication in late August 2020. Of note, belamaf is associated with the following adverse events: decreased platelets, corneal disease, decreased or blurred vision, anemia, infusion-related reactions, pyrexia, and fetal risk, among others. Further studies are necessary to evaluate efficacy in comparison to other standard treatment modalities and as future drugs in this class are developed.

中文翻译：

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Belantamab Mafodotin 治疗多发性骨髓瘤：疾病、药物疗效和副作用的综合评价

多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种以浆细胞过度克隆增殖为特征的血液系统恶性肿瘤。由于目前该疾病的分子病理生理学复杂且无法治愈，因此多发性骨髓瘤的治疗提出了各种独特的挑战。鉴于 MM 是第二大最常见的血癌，在疾病过程中具有特征性且不可避免的复发/难治性状态，因此开发新的治疗方式至关重要。Belantamab mafodotin（belamaf，GSK2857916）是一种一流的治疗方法，适用于先前尝试过四种其他治疗方法的患者，包括抗 CD38 单克隆抗体、蛋白体抑制剂和免疫调节剂。2017 年 11 月，FDA 将 belamaf 指定为一种突破性疗法，用于治疗复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤患者。2020 年 8 月，FDA 加速批准作为复发或难治性多发性骨髓瘤的单一疗法。该药物也于 2020 年 8 月下旬在欧盟获批用于该适应症。 值得注意的是，belamaf 与以下不良事件相关：血小板减少、角膜疾病、视力下降或模糊、贫血、输液相关反应、发热和胎儿风险等。需要进一步研究以评估与其他标准治疗方式相比的疗效，并且随着此类未来药物的开发。该药物也于 2020 年 8 月下旬在欧盟获批用于该适应症。 值得注意的是，belamaf 与以下不良事件相关：血小板减少、角膜疾病、视力下降或模糊、贫血、输液相关反应、发热和胎儿风险等。需要进一步研究以评估与其他标准治疗方式相比的疗效，并且随着此类未来药物的开发。该药物也于 2020 年 8 月下旬在欧盟获批用于该适应症。 值得注意的是，belamaf 与以下不良事件相关：血小板减少、角膜疾病、视力下降或模糊、贫血、输液相关反应、发热和胎儿风险等。需要进一步研究以评估与其他标准治疗方式相比的疗效，并且随着此类未来药物的开发。