Phragmites karka is one of the fast growing halophytes known to accumulate high biomass in a short span of time. In this study, we evaluated the potential of P. karka biomass from the Chilika Lagoon of India for the production of glucose which can possibly be converted into ethanol. Compositional analysis of biomass of P. karka was carried out and it was found that the biomass contained 33.12% cellulose, 28.17% hemicellulose and 24.81% lignin. For saccharification, the biomass were pretreated with two different pretreatments such as, cellulose solvent -and organic-solvent based lignocellulosic fractionation (COSLIF) and alkali (NaOH). Both of the pretreated biomass were digested with various dosages of cellulase and β-glucosidase enzymes. The enzymatic hydrolysis revealed that COSLIF using 85% phosphoric acid at a solid loading of 1 g biomass to 8 ml acid for 45 min at 50 °C exhibited the best result in terms of glucose release. Cellulase enzyme mixture containing 1 FPU cellulase and 10 IU β-glucosidase was found efficient in releasing 86.16% of glucose from the COSLIF pretreated biomass, whereas with the use of higher dosages of enzyme mixture (60 FPU cellulase and 60 IU β-glucosidase) alkali pretreated biomass could release only 72.65% glucose. The findings in this study addressed the potential use of P. karka as a source of biomass for the second generation ethanol production.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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从芦苇 karka (Retz.) Trin 的生物质中生产可发酵糖的碱和纤维素溶剂预处理的评价。ex Steud.：一种高生物量产生草

芦苇是已知在短时间内积累高生物量的快速生长的盐生植物之一。在这项研究中，我们评估了来自印度 Chilika Lagoon的P. karka生物质生产可能转化为乙醇的葡萄糖的潜力。对P. karka的生物质进行成分分析，发现生物质含有33.12% 的纤维素、28.17% 的半纤维素和24.81% 的木质素。对于糖化，用两种不同的预处理方法对生物质进行预处理，例如基于纤维素溶剂和有机溶剂的木质纤维素分馏 (COSLIF) 和碱 (NaOH)。两种预处理的生物质都用不同剂量的纤维素酶和β消化-葡萄糖苷酶。酶促水解表明，COSLIF 使用 85% 磷酸，固体负载为 1 g 生物质到 8 ml 酸，在 50 °C 下持续 45 分钟，在葡萄糖释放方面表现出最好的结果。发现含有 1 FPU 纤维素酶和 10 IU β-葡萄糖苷酶的纤维素酶混合物能有效地从 COSLIF 预处理的生物质中释放 86.16% 的葡萄糖，而使用更高剂量的酶混合物（60 FPU 纤维素酶和 60 IU β-葡萄糖苷酶）碱预处理的生物质只能释放 72.65% 的葡萄糖。本研究的发现解决了P. karka作为第二代乙醇生产生物质来源的潜在用途。

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