The degradation of soil and water quality encourages research to assess the effects of rainfall on the losses of soil and chemical elements that result from surface runoff. In seasons of high surface runoff, the collectors must support the total volume drained or allow its correct estimation to avoid misinterpretation of the data. The present investigation aimed to develop and validate a compact and low-cost system to quantify surface runoff, sediments, and chemical elements losses using the bucket-siphon sampler system (BS3) siphoning method. The tests performed within the system used the runoff collected in a Nitisol or solutions constructed at the laboratory through mixing soil (i.e., Nitisol or Cambisol) with tap water. The BS3 method was efficient in estimating the total volume of water runoff and the concentration of sediments and P in the surface runoff. The maximum flow rate supported by the BS3 method, as presented here, is 0.035 L s^–1, which considering a 10-m² plot is equivalent to 12.6 mm h^–1. Due to the craft characteristics of the system, we recommend the calibration of each unit built to obtain a precise ratio between the volume stored and discarded by the siphoning. The prototype developed here is suitable for quantifying runoff volume, sediment, and P losses in field plots and has been manufactured under US$15.00.

中文翻译：

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用于地表径流评估的虹吸原型的开发和验证

土壤和水质的退化鼓励研究评估降雨对地表径流造成的土壤和化学元素损失的影响。在高地表径流的季节，收集器必须支持总排水量或允许其正确估计以避免对数据的误解。本研究旨在开发和验证一种紧凑且低成本的系统，以使用桶虹吸采样器系统 (BS3) 虹吸法量化地表径流、沉积物和化学元素损失。在系统内进行的测试使用收集在 Nitisol 中的径流或在实验室通过将土壤（即 Nitisol 或 Cambisol）与自来水混合而构建的溶液。BS3 方法可有效估算水径流的总体积以及地表径流中沉积物和磷的浓度。BS3 方法支持的最大流速，如此处所示，为 0.035 L s^–1，考虑到 10 平方米的地块，这相当于 12.6 mm h ^–1。由于系统的工艺特性，我们建议对每个构建的单元进行校准，以获得通过虹吸存储和丢弃的体积之间的精确比例。这里开发的原型适用于量化田间地块中的径流体积、沉积物和 P 损失，制造成本低于 15.00 美元。