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Assessing water security across scales: A case study of the United States
Applied Geography ( IF 4.732 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2021.102500
Tess Doeffinger 1 , Jim W. Hall 1
Affiliation  

Water security is a multi-dimensional concept that varies across spatial scales. However, evaluations tend to focus on a single scale, which can suppress spatial heterogeneity and may not be relevant to the scale of decision making. We have identified four considerations encountered when selecting a scale in water security analyses: (1) the natural scale of phenomena, (2) the scale of data availability, (3) the decision-making scale, and (4) precision versus accuracy. To explore these considerations and how they may impede a multiscale analysis, we have created a water security index comprised of ten sub-indicators focused on system performance and outcomes. These sub-indicators are assembled across three scales: the United States of America and its constituent states and counties. A tiered multiscale analysis was difficult for several reasons, not least because of the challenges of obtaining requisite data. Nonetheless, the analysis has proved to be worthwhile by exposing areas of insecurity within the United States both at the state and county levels and by demonstrating greater spatial heterogeneity than might previously have been assumed. Combining the sub-national indicators with a more comprehensive national assessment can support decision making in terms of prioritization of policies and investments to target hotspots of insecurity.



中文翻译:

跨尺度评估水安全:以美国为例

水安全是一个多维概念,在空间尺度上各不相同。然而,评价往往侧重于单一尺度,这会抑制空间异质性,并且可能与决策尺度无关。我们确定了在水安全分析中选择尺度时遇到的四个考虑因素:(1) 现象的自然尺度,(2) 数据可用性的尺度,(3) 决策尺度,以及 (4) 精度与准确度。为了探讨这些考虑因素以及它们如何阻碍多尺度分析,我们创建了一个由十个关注系统性能和结果的子指标组成的水安全指数。这些子指标跨三个尺度组合:美利坚合众国及其组成州和县。由于多种原因,分层多尺度分析很困难,尤其是因为获得必要数据的挑战。尽管如此,该分析已经证明是值得的,因为它暴露了美国在州和县两级的不安全地区,并证明了比以前可能假设的更大的空间异质性。将次国家指标与更全面的国家评估相结合,可以支持针对不安全热点的政策和投资优先顺序的决策。

更新日期:2021-07-14
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