Mid-air haptic (MAH) feedback is an interesting means to provide augmented haptic feedback for gesture-based technology as it enables a sense of touch without physical contact with an actuator. Although quite some work already investigated the user experience (UX) of MAH feedback during initial encounter, we are not aware of studies testing the UX after repeated use, with regard to both pragmatic and hedonic UX, as well as emotional reactions. In this article, we tested how the UX of MAH feedback changed over the course of five weeks by collecting both questionnaire as well as interview data of 31 participants. Our results showed that MAH feedback significantly increased the enjoyment, engagement, valence and arousal of the emotional response. However, the added value of valence was due to a novelty effect as it was only significantly elevated during initial use, and not after repeated use. Interestingly, the added value of MAH feedback in terms of enjoyment, engagement and arousal remained elevated over the course of five weeks. Moreover, the interview data hinted at substantial individual differences underlying the global trends from the questionnaire data, showing the importance of combining quantitative and qualitative data when testing the UX of MAH feedback.

中文翻译：

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从初次接触空中触觉反馈到重复使用：新奇效应在用户体验中的作用

空中触觉 (MAH) 反馈是一种为基于手势的技术提供增强触觉反馈的有趣方式，因为它可以在不与执行器物理接触的情况下实现触觉。尽管已经有相当多的工作调查了初次接触时 MAH 反馈的用户体验 (UX)，但我们不知道在重复使用后测试 UX 的研究，包括实用和享乐 UX，以及情绪反应。在本文中，我们通过收集问卷和 31 名参与者的访谈数据来测试 MAH 反馈的用户体验如何在五周内发生变化。我们的结果表明，MAH 反馈显着增加了情绪反应的愉悦度、参与度、效价和唤醒度。然而，化合价的附加值是由于新奇效应，因为它仅在初次使用时显着升高，而在重复使用后不会显着升高。有趣的是，在五周的过程中，MAH 反馈在享受、参与和唤醒方面的附加值仍然很高。此外，访谈数据从问卷数据中暗示了全球趋势背后的巨大个体差异，表明在测试 MAH 反馈的用户体验时结合定量和定性数据的重要性。