Abstract

We have studied the possibility of the creation of a highly effective universal stimulating preparation for presowing treatment of seeds of various grain crops on the basis of a sorption-stimulating preparation (SSP), consisting of calcium bentonite (CB), humate (H), brewery yeast autolysate (BYA), and gibberellin (Gibb). The use of some nonionic surfactants as the preparation components results in the disintegration of bentonite aggregates into individual montmorillonite particles and in an increase in the active surface of the sorption complex. This enables a 1.5-time rise in the SSP efficiency by increasing the gibberellin concentration. As a result, we have obtained a five-component substance (SSP-5), including CB, H, BYA, Gibb, and PEG. Its efficiency for spring wheat of the cultivar Liza on soddy-podzolic soil is 56%. The introduction of other biologically active substances into the preparation in order to compensate their possible lack in seeds shows that they stimulate some seeds, but the general effect on other ones is reduced. It may be assumed that the creation of a universal preparation, which would be highly effective for seeds of all crops, is not possible. Gibberellin stimulates seed development much more often than other phytohormones, so we tested the SSP-5 effect on seeds of different crops and cultivars. It is revealed that this preparation is effective for seed stimulation in most cases, but its efficiency significantly varies.

中文翻译：

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评估开发一种用于谷物作物种子预播处理的高效通用刺激剂的可能性

摘要

我们研究了在吸附刺激制剂 (SSP) 的基础上创造一种高效通用刺激制剂的可能性，用于对各种粮食作物的种子进行预播处理，该制剂由钙膨润土 (CB)、腐殖酸盐 (H)、啤酒酵母自溶物 (BYA) 和赤霉素 (Gibb)。使用一些非离子表面活性剂作为制备组分会导致膨润土聚集体分解成单个蒙脱石颗粒并增加吸附复合物的活性表面。这可以通过增加赤霉素浓度使 SSP 效率提高 1.5 倍。结果，我们得到了五组分物质（SSP-5），包括CB、H、BYA、Gibb和PEG。其对栽培品种 Liza 春小麦在草质灰化土壤上的效率为 56%。将其他生物活性物质引入制剂中以补偿它们可能缺乏的种子表明它们刺激了一些种子，但对其他种子的总体影响降低了。可以假设创建一种对所有作物的种子都非常有效的通用制剂是不可能的。赤霉素比其他植物激素更频繁地刺激种子发育，因此我们测试了 SSP-5 对不同作物和栽培品种种子的影响。结果表明，该制剂在大多数情况下对种子刺激有效，但其效率差异很大。可以假设创建一种对所有作物的种子都非常有效的通用制剂是不可能的。赤霉素比其他植物激素更频繁地刺激种子发育，因此我们测试了 SSP-5 对不同作物和栽培品种种子的影响。结果表明，该制剂在大多数情况下对种子刺激有效，但其效率差异很大。可以假设创建一种对所有作物的种子都非常有效的通用制剂是不可能的。赤霉素比其他植物激素更频繁地刺激种子发育，因此我们测试了 SSP-5 对不同作物和栽培品种种子的影响。结果表明，该制剂在大多数情况下对种子刺激有效，但其效率差异很大。