ABSTRACT

Major shifts in employment patterns – across sectors, occupations and regions – are a constant feature of modern labour markets. These transitions can occur in more or less humane and efficient ways, depending on whether active policies are leveraged to support workers, employers and industries to adapt to change and take advantage of new opportunities. The imperative to better manage employment transitions is all the more pressing given the necessary shift towards a carbon-neutral, sustainable economy. The very high collective bargaining coverage in Nordic countries contributes to their active labour market policy, proper regulation of employment standards, high-quality investments in skills and innovation, integrated vocational planning, and comprehensive social solidarity. This article will identify how strong collective bargaining in Nordic countries enhances workforce skills, adaptability and innovation, and the lessons from this to improve the more laissez-faire transitions currently occurring in liberal market economies such as Australia.

摘要

就业模式的重大转变——跨部门、职业和地区——是现代劳动力市场的一个持续特征。这些转变可以或多或少以人性化和有效的方式发生，这取决于是否利用积极的政策来支持工人、雇主和行业适应变化并利用新机会。鉴于向碳中和、可持续经济的必要转变，更好地管理就业转型的必要性变得更加紧迫。北欧国家非常高的集体谈判覆盖率有助于其积极的劳动力市场政策、对就业标准的适当监管、对技能和创新的高质量投资、综合职业规划以及全面的社会团结。