Most species in the bacterial family of Pasteurellaceae colonize one specific host species. Vertebrates of very different evolutionary descent including fish, turtles, marsupials, eutherians and birds are colonized by different members of Pasteurellaceae. This one-to-one microbial-host species partnership makes Pasteurellaceae species valuable candidates to study biodiversity, bacterial-host co-evolution and host adaptation, and their widespread distribution across vertebrates provide the possibility to collect a wide array of data, where wildlife species are essential. However, obtaining samples from wild animals comes with logistic, technical and ethical challenges, and previous microbiota studies have led to the presumption that captive animals are poor models for microbial studies in wildlife. Here, we show that colonization of polar bears by Ursidibacter maritimus is unaffected by factors related to captivity, reflecting a deep symbiotic bond to the host. We argue that the study of ecological and evolutionary principles in captive wildlife is possible for host-adapted taxa such as those in the Pasteurellaceae family. Moreover, studying captive, often trained animals protects wild populations from the stress associated with obtaining samples.

中文翻译：

---

适应北极熊的 Ursidibacter maritimus 经过几代人的圈养后得到了显着的保护

巴斯德氏菌科细菌家族中的大多数物种定殖于一种特定的宿主物种。具有不同进化血统的脊椎动物，包括鱼、海龟、有袋动物、真兽类和鸟类，被巴斯德氏菌科的不同成员定殖。这种一对一的微生物-宿主物种伙伴关系使巴斯德菌科物种是研究生物多样性、细菌-宿主共同进化和宿主适应的宝贵候选者，以及它们在脊椎动物中的广泛分布，为收集广泛的数据提供了可能，其中野生动物物种是必不可少的。然而，从野生动物身上获取样本会带来物流、技术和伦理方面的挑战，之前的微生物群研究导致人们推测圈养动物是野生动物微生物研究的不良模型。在这里，我们展示了北极熊被北极熊的殖民化不受与圈养相关因素的影响，反映了与宿主的深层共生关系。我们认为，研究圈养野生动物的生态和进化原理对于适应宿主的类群是可能的，例如巴斯德菌科中的类群。家庭。此外，研究圈养、经常训练有素的动物可以保护野生种群免受与获取样本相关的压力。