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Elemental analysis of biochar-based fertilizers via portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
Environmental Technology & Innovation ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2021.101788
Alvaro José Gomes de Faria 1 , Márcia Rufini 1 , Aline do Amaral Leite 1 , Bruno Teixeira Ribeiro 1 , Sérgio Henrique Godinho Silva 1 , Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme 1 , Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo 1
Affiliation  

A complete elemental characterization of biochar samples is needed prior to their use for agronomic and/or environmental purposes. Elemental analyses of biochar are still a challenge mainly due to some difficulties to achieve a total digestion of the samples for clearly identifying and quantifying elements of interest. The hypothesis of this study is that X-ray fluorescence spectrometry will be a useful, fast, and accurate alternative method to obtain the total elemental composition of biochars. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the performance of pXRF for the determination of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu in 31 biochar-based fertilizers, comparing these results with the standard method of biochar samples digestion (modified dry-ashing method - MDA). Moreover, the biochar samples were also characterized via wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) for comparison with portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry. For all elements and biochar samples, adequate linear regression adjustments between methods were achieved. For the lightest elements (P, Ca, Mg, S, Na, and Al) the concentrations obtained via MDA were higher followed by WDXRF and pXRF. Conversely, for the heaviest elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu), XRF results (pXRF and WDXRF) were higher than MDA. Significant linear regressions between methods were obtained, mainly for plant micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu), suggesting that standard-curves can be obtained in order to develop pXRF applications like a “Biochar Mode” by the manufacturers. Portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry showed encouraging results allowing a rapid and environmentally-friendly characterization of biochar-based fertilizers.



中文翻译:

通过便携式 X 射线荧光光谱法对生物炭基肥料进行元素分析

在将生物炭样品用于农艺和/或环境目的之前,需要对其进行完整的元素表征。biochar 的元素分析仍然是一个挑战,主要是由于在实现样品的完全消化以清楚地识别和量化感兴趣的元素方面存在一些困难。本研究的假设是 X 射线荧光光谱法将是一种有用、快速和准确的替代方法,以获得生物炭的总元素组成。因此,本工作旨在评估 pXRF 测定 31 种生物炭基肥料中 P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Na、Al、Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu 的性能,并将这些结果与标准进行比较生物炭样品消化方法(改良的干灰化法 - MDA)。而且,生物炭样品还通过波长色散 X 射线荧光 (WDXRF) 进行表征,以便与便携式 X 射线荧光 (pXRF) 光谱法进行比较。对于所有元素和 biochar 样品,方法之间实现了足够的线性回归调整。对于最轻的元素(P、Ca、Mg、S、Na 和 Al),通过 MDA 获得的浓度较高,其次是 WDXRF 和 pXRF。相反,对于最重的元素(Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu),XRF 结果(pXRF 和 WDXRF)高于 MDA。获得了方法之间显着的线性回归,主要针对植物微量营养素(Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu),这表明可以获得标准曲线以开发 pXRF 应用,例如“ 方法之间实现了适当的线性回归调整。对于最轻的元素(P、Ca、Mg、S、Na 和 Al),通过 MDA 获得的浓度较高,其次是 WDXRF 和 pXRF。相反,对于最重的元素(Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu),XRF 结果(pXRF 和 WDXRF)高于 MDA。获得了方法之间显着的线性回归,主要针对植物微量营养素(Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu),这表明可以获得标准曲线以开发 pXRF 应用,例如“ 方法之间实现了适当的线性回归调整。对于最轻的元素(P、Ca、Mg、S、Na 和 Al),通过 MDA 获得的浓度较高,其次是 WDXRF 和 pXRF。相反,对于最重的元素(Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu),XRF 结果(pXRF 和 WDXRF)高于 MDA。获得了方法之间显着的线性回归,主要针对植物微量营养素(Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu),这表明可以获得标准曲线以开发 pXRF 应用,例如“Biochar 模式”由制造商提供。便携式 X 射线荧光光谱仪显示出令人鼓舞的结果,可以快速、环保地表征生物炭基肥料。

更新日期:2021-07-12
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