Background: Individuals frequently turning to social media to discuss medical conditions and medication, sharing their experiences and information and asking questions among themselves. These online discussions can provide valuable insights into individual perceptions of medical treatment, and increasingly, studies are focusing on the potential use of this information to improve health care management. Objective: The objective of this infodemiology study was to identify social media posts mentioning paracetamol-containing products to develop a better understanding of patients’ opinions and perceptions of the drug. Methods: Posts between January 2003 and March 2019 containing at least one mention of paracetamol were extracted from 18 French forums in May 2019 with the use of the Detec’t (Kap Code) web crawler. Posts were then analyzed using the automated Detec’t tool, which uses machine learning and text mining methods to inspect social media posts and extract relevant content. Posts were classified into groups: Paracetamol Only, Paracetamol and Opioids, Paracetamol and Others, and the Aggregate group. Results: Overall, 44,283 posts were analyzed from 20,883 different users. Post volume over the study period showed a peak in activity between 2009 and 2012, as well as a spike in 2017 in the Aggregate group. The number of posts tended to be higher during winter each year. Posts were made predominantly by women (14,897/20,883, 71.34%), with 12.00% (2507/20,883) made by men and 16.67% (3479/20,883) by individuals of unknown gender. The mean age of web users was 39 (SD 19) years. In the Aggregate group, pain was the most common medical concept discussed (22,257/37,863, 58.78%), and paracetamol risk was the most common discussion topic, addressed in 20.36% (8902/43,725) of posts. Doliprane was the most common medication mentioned (14,058/44,283, 31.74%) within the Aggregate group, and tramadol was the most commonly mentioned drug in combination with paracetamol in the Aggregate group (1038/19,587, 5.30%). The most common unapproved indication mentioned within the Paracetamol Only group was fatigue (190/616, with 16.32% positive for an unapproved indication), with reference to dependence made by 1.61% (136/8470) of the web users, accounting for 1.33% (171/12,843) of the posts in the Paracetamol Only group. Dependence mentions in the Paracetamol and Opioids group were provided by 6.94% (248/3576) of web users, accounting for 5.44% (342/6281) of total posts. Reference to overdose was made by 245 web users across 291 posts within the Paracetamol Only group. The most common potential adverse event detected was nausea (306/12843, 2.38%) within the Paracetamol Only group. Conclusions: The use of social media mining with the Detec’t tool provided valuable information on the perceptions and understanding of the web users, highlighting areas where providing more information for the general public on paracetamol, as well as other medications, may be of benefit.

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中文翻译：

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评估法国患者对扑热息痛的感知和体验：使用社交媒体数据挖掘的信息流行病学研究

背景：个人经常转向社交媒体讨论医疗状况和药物，分享他们的经验和信息，并在他们之间提问。这些在线讨论可以为个人对医疗的看法提供有价值的见解，并且越来越多的研究关注这些信息的潜在用途，以改善医疗保健管理。目的：这项信息流行病学研究的目的是确定提及含扑热息痛产品的社交媒体帖子，以更好地了解患者对药物的意见和看法。方法：2003 年 1 月至 2019 年 3 月期间包含至少一次提及扑热息痛的帖子是在 2019 年 5 月使用 Detec't（Kap 代码）网络爬虫从 18 个法国论坛中提取的。然后使用自动化的 Detec't 工具分析帖子，该工具使用机器学习和文本挖掘方法来检查社交媒体帖子并提取相关内容。帖子分为几组：仅扑热息痛、扑热息痛和阿片类药物、扑热息痛和其他，以及聚合组。结果：总体而言，分析了来自 20,883 个不同用户的 44,283 个帖子。研究期间的帖子数量显示，2009 年至 2012 年期间活动达到高峰，而聚合组在 2017 年达到高峰。每年冬季，职位数量往往更高。发帖的主要是女性 (14,897/20,883, 71.34%)，男性占 12.00% (2507/20,883)，性别不明者占 16.67% (3479/20,883)。网络用户的平均年龄为 39 (SD 19) 岁。在聚合组中，疼痛是讨论的最常见的医学概念（22，257/37,863, 58.78%)，扑热息痛风险是最常见的讨论主题，在 20.36% (8902/43,725) 的帖子中讨论。多利普兰是 Aggregate 组中提及的最常见药物（14,058/44,283, 31.74%），而曲马多是 Aggregate 组中最常提及的与扑热息痛联用的药物（1038/19,587, 5.30%）。仅对乙酰氨基酚组中提到的最常见的未批准适应症是疲劳（190/616，16.32% 的未批准适应症为阳性），1.61% (136/8470) 的网络用户表示依赖，占 1.33% (171/12,843) 仅对乙酰氨基酚组中的帖子。6.94% (248/3576) 的网络用户提供了对扑热息痛和阿片类药物组中的依赖性提及，占帖子总数的 5.44% (342/6281)。仅对乙酰氨基酚组内的 291 个帖子中的 245 名网络用户提到了过量服用。检测到的最常见的潜在不良事件是仅对乙酰氨基酚组中的恶心 (306/12843, 2.38%)。结论：社交媒体挖掘和 Detec't 工具的使用提供了关于网络用户感知和理解的宝贵信息，突出了为公众提供更多关于扑热息痛和其他药物的信息可能有益的领域.

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