Lobate deposits in deep-water settings are diverse in their depositional architecture but this diversity is under-represented in the literature. Diverse architectures result from multiple factors including source material, basin margin physiography, transport pathway, and depositional setting. In this contribution, we emphasize the impact of differing source materials related to differing delivery mechanisms and their influence on architecture, which is an important consideration in source-to-sink studies. Three well imaged subsurface lobate deposits are described that display three markedly different morphologies. All three lobate examples, two from intraslope settings offshore Nigeria and one from a basin-floor setting offshore Indonesia, are buried by less than 150 m of muddy sediment and are imaged with high resolution 3D reflection seismic data of similar quality and resolution. Distinctively different distributary channel patterns are present in two of the examples, and no comparable distributaries are imaged in a third example. Different distributary channels are emphasized because they are objectively recognized and because they often represent elements of elevated fluid content within buried lobate deposits and thus influence permeability structure. We speculate that the different distributary channel patterns documented here resulted from different processes linked to source materials: (1) a lobate deposit that is pervasively channelized by many distributaries that have branched at numerous points is interpreted to result from mud-rich, stratified, turbulent flows; (2) an absence of distributaries in a lobate deposit is interpreted to result from collapse of mud-poor, turbulent flows remobilized from littoral drift; and (3) a lobate deposit with only a few, long, straight distributaries with few branching points is interpreted to be dominated by highly viscous flows (i.e. debris flows). We propose a conceptual model that illustrates the relationship between the proportion of mud in contributing flows and the relative size and runout distance of lobate deposits. We conclude that reconciling 3D seismic morphologies with outcrop observations of channels, scours, and amalgamation zones, and simple application of hierarchical schemes, is problematic. Furthermore, when characterizing unconfined deep-water deposits in the subsurface, multiple models with significant differences in predicted permeability structure should be considered.

中文翻译：

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海底 Lobate 矿床的建筑多样性

深水环境中的叶状沉积物的沉积结构多种多样，但这种多样性在文献中的代表性不足。多样化的结构源于多种因素，包括源材料、盆地边缘地貌、运输路径和沉积环境。在这篇文章中，我们强调了与不同交付机制相关的不同源材料的影响及其对架构的影响，这是源到汇研究中的一个重要考虑因素。描述了三个成像良好的地下叶状沉积物，它们显示出三种明显不同的形态。所有三个叶状例子，两个来自尼日利亚近海的斜坡内环境，一个来自印度尼西亚近海的盆底环境，被不到 150 m 的泥质沉积物掩埋，并使用类似质量和分辨率的高分辨率 3D 反射地震数据成像。在两个示例中存在明显不同的分流通道模式，并且在第三个示例中没有对可比较的分流进行成像。强调了不同的分流通道，因为它们是客观识别的，并且因为它们通常代表埋藏叶状沉积物中流体含量升高的元素，从而影响渗透结构。我们推测，这里记录的不同分流河道模式是由与源材料相关的不同过程造成的：(1) 一个叶状沉积物被许多在许多点分支的分流广泛地​​形成通道，被解释为富含泥浆、分层、湍流流量；(2) 叶状沉积物中没有分流被解释为贫泥、湍流坍塌的结果，这些湍流从沿岸漂流中重新流动；(3) 只有少数、长而直、分支点少的叶状沉积被解释为以高粘性流（即泥石流）为主。我们提出了一个概念模型，该模型说明了贡献流中泥浆的比例与叶状沉积物的相对大小和跳动距离之间的关系。我们得出的结论是，将 3D 地震形态与水道、冲刷和合并带的露头观测以及分层方案的简单应用相协调是有问题的。此外，在表征地下无封闭深水沉积物时，