A thermodynamic approach to the description of economic systems and processes is developed. It is shown that there is a deep analogy between the parameters of thermodynamic and economic systems (markets); so each thermodynamic parameter can be associated with a certain economic parameter or indicator. The economic meaning of such primordially thermodynamic concepts as internal energy and temperature has been established. It is shown that many economic laws, which in economic theory are a generalization of the results of observations, or are based on the analysis of the psychology of the behavior of market actors, within the framework of economic thermodynamics can be obtained as the natural and formal results of the theory. In particular, we show that economic thermodynamics allows a natural description of such a phenomenon as inflation. The thermodynamic conditions of market equilibrium stability are derived and analyzed, as well as the Le Chatelier’s principle as applied to economic systems.

开发了一种描述经济系统和过程的热力学方法。结果表明，热力学和经济系统（市场）的参数之间存在深刻的类比；因此每个热力学参数都可以与某个经济参数或指标相关联。内能和温度等原始热力学概念的经济意义已经确立。结果表明，许多经济规律，在经济理论中是观察结果的概括，或者是基于对市场参与者行为心理的分析，在经济热力学的框架内，可以作为自然和理论的正式结果。特别是，我们表明经济热力学允许对通货膨胀这样的现象进行自然描述。