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Role of bioglass in enamel remineralization: Existing strategies and future prospects—A narrative review
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-10 , DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34904
Ramya Ramadoss 1 , Rajashree Padmanaban 2 , Balakumar Subramanian 3
Affiliation  

Enamel, once formed, loses the ability to regenerate due to the loss of the formative ameloblasts. It is subjected to constant damaging events due to exposure to external agents and oral microbiomes. An enamel remineralization process targets to replenish the lost ionic component of the enamel through a multitude of methods. Enamel remineralization is highly challenging as it has a complex organized hierarchical microstructure. Hydroxyapatite nanocrystals of the enamel vary in size and orientation along alignment planes inside the enamel rod. The inability of the enamel to remodel unlike other mineralized tissues is another substantial deterrent. One of the well-known biomaterials, bioglass (BG) induces apatite formation on the external surface of the enamel in the presence of saliva or other physiological fluids. Calcium, sodium, phosphate, and silicate ions in BG become responsive in the presence of body fluids, leading to the precipitation of calcium phosphate. Studies have also demonstrated the bactericidal potential of BG against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. The anticariogenicity and antibacterial activity were found to be enhanced when BG was doped with inorganic ions such as F, Ag, Mg, Sr, and Zn. Due to the versatility of BG, it has been combined with a variety of agents such as chitosan, triclosan, and amelogenin to biomimic remineralization process. Key strategies that can aid in the development of contemporary enamel remineralization agents are also included in this review.

中文翻译:

生物玻璃在牙釉质再矿化中的作用:现有策略和未来前景——叙述性回顾

牙釉质一旦形成,由于形成性成釉细胞的损失而失去再生能力。由于暴露于外部试剂和口腔微生物群,它会遭受持续的破坏性事件。牙釉质再矿化过程旨在通过多种方法补充牙釉质中丢失的离子成分。牙釉质再矿化极具挑战性,因为它具有复杂的有组织的分层微观结构。釉质的羟基磷灰石纳米晶体的尺寸和取向沿着釉质棒内的排列平面变化。与其他矿化组织不同,牙釉质无法重塑是另一个重要的障碍。众所周知的生物材料之一,生物玻璃 (BG) 在唾液或其他生理液体存在的情况下诱导牙釉质外表面形成磷灰石。钙、钠、磷酸盐、BG 中的硅酸盐离子和硅酸盐离子在体液存在时会产生反应,导致磷酸钙沉淀。研究还证明了 BG 的杀菌潜力变形链球菌生物膜。发现当 BG 掺杂无机离子如 F、Ag、Mg、Sr 和 Zn 时,抗龋齿性和抗菌活性得到增强。由于 BG 的多功能性,它已与壳聚糖、三氯生、牙釉蛋白等多种药剂联合用于仿生再矿化过程。本综述还包括有助于开发当代牙釉质再矿化剂的关键策略。
更新日期:2021-07-10
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