The pleiotropic effects of statins may reduce the severity of COVID-19 disease. This study aims to determine the association between inpatient statin use and severe disease outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, especially those with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). A retrospective cohort study on hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. The primary outcome was mortality during hospitalization. Patients were classified into statin and non-statin groups based on the administration of statins during hospitalization. Analysis included multivariable regression analysis adjusting for confounders and propensity score matching to achieve a 1:1 balanced cohort. Subgroup analyses based on presence of DM were conducted. In the cohort of 922 patients, 413 had a history of DM. About 27.1% patients (n = 250) in the total cohort (TC) and 32.9% patients (n = 136) in DM cohort received inpatient statins. Atorvastatin (n = 205, 82%) was the most commonly prescribed statin medication in TC. On multivariable analysis in TC, inpatient statin group had reduced mortality compared to the non-statin group (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42–0.90; p = 0.01). DM modified this association between inpatient statins and mortality. Patients with DM who received inpatient statins had reduced mortality (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.21–0.61; p < 0.001). However, no such association was noted among patients without DM (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.67–2.17; p = 0.52). These results were further validated using propensity score matching. Inpatient statin use was associated with significant reduction in mortality among COVID-19 patients especially those with DM. These findings support the pursuit of randomized clinical trials and inpatient statin use appears safe among COVID-19 patients.

中文翻译：

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患有和不患有糖尿病的住院 COVID-19 患者的他汀类药物和临床结果：一项具有倾向评分匹配的回顾性队列研究

他汀类药物的多效作用可能会降低 COVID-19 疾病的严重程度。本研究旨在确定住院 COVID-19 患者，尤其是糖尿病 (DM) 住院患者中他汀类药物的使用与严重疾病结果之间的关联。一项对确诊为 COVID-19 的住院患者的回顾性队列研究。主要结局是住院期间的死亡率。根据住院期间他汀类药物的使用情况将患者分为他汀类药物组和非他汀类药物组。分析包括调整混杂因素和倾向评分匹配的多变量回归分析，以实现 1:1 的平衡队列。进行了基于 DM 存在的亚组分析。在 922 名患者的队列中，413 名有 DM 病史。总队列 (TC) 中约有 27.1% 的患者 (n = 250) 和 32。DM 队列中 9% 的患者（n = 136）接受了住院他汀类药物治疗。阿托伐他汀 (n = 205, 82%) 是 TC 中最常用的他汀类药物。在 TC 的多变量分析中，住院患者他汀组与非他汀组相比死亡率降低（OR，0.61；95% CI，0.42–0.90；p = 0.01）。DM 改变了住院患者他汀类药物与死亡率之间的这种关联。接受住院他汀类药物治疗的 DM 患者死亡率降低（OR，0.35；95% CI，0.21–0.61；p < 0.001）。然而，在没有 DM 的患者中没有发现这种关联（OR，1.21；95% CI，0.67-2.17；p = 0.52）。使用倾向评分匹配进一步验证了这些结果。住院患者使用他汀类药物与 COVID-19 患者，尤其是 DM 患者的死亡率显着降低有关。