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What Prosecutors and the Police Should Do About Underreporting of Anti-LGBTQ Hate Crime
Sexuality Research and Social Policy ( IF 2.484 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-10 , DOI: 10.1007/s13178-021-00596-5
Neal A. Palmer 1 , Besiki Luka Kutateladze 2
Affiliation  

Introduction

Vast discrepancies between official hate crime statistics and victim reports of hate crimes reveal that a large proportion of hate crimes go uncharged. LGBTQ individuals may be disinclined to report hate crimes because of safety concerns and perceived hostility from law enforcement, and law enforcement may be reluctant to pursue them because of discomfort interacting with LGBTQ people and lack of clear guidance in building hate crime cases.

Methods and Analytical Approach

To address the problem of anti-LGBTQ hate crime underreporting, quantitative and qualitative data were collected in the Miami-Dade area including (a) prosecutorial case files from 2005 to 2019 and (b) semi-structured interviews with law enforcement practitioners (n = 10) and (c) structured interviews with LGBTQ crime victims (n = 400), carried out in 2018–2019.

Findings and Recommendations for Policy and Practice

Triangulated findings reveal that police and prosecutors lack the capacity to detect hate crimes and to engage with the LGBTQ community and crime victims. Victims and community members worried about retaliation and discounted some victim experiences as hate crimes. Responding to the research findings, a working group of 23 local stakeholders representing Miami’s LGBTQ community, advocacy groups, police, and prosecutor’s office produced seven recommendations addressing: (1) hate crime detection, (2) interagency coordination, (3) victim engagement, (4) communication and awareness building, (5) training of law enforcement practitioners, (6) data and research, and (7) changes to the hate crime statute.

Conclusion

These recommendations offer a path forward for a more effective detection and prosecution of hate crimes.



中文翻译:

检察官和警方应该如何处理对反 LGBTQ 仇恨犯罪的少报

介绍

官方仇恨犯罪统计数据与仇恨犯罪受害者报告之间的巨大差异表明,很大一部分仇恨犯罪没有受到指控。LGBTQ 个人可能因为安全问题和执法部门的敌意而不愿意举报仇恨犯罪,而执法部门可能不愿意追究他们,因为与 LGBTQ 人士互动时感到不适以及在建立仇恨犯罪案件时缺乏明确的指导。

方法和分析方法

为了解决反 LGBTQ 仇恨犯罪报告不足的问题,在迈阿密戴德地区收集了定量和定性数据,包括 (a) 2005 年至 2019 年的起诉案件档案和 (b) 与执法从业人员的半结构化访谈 ( n  = 10) 和 (c) 对 LGBTQ 犯罪受害者(n  = 400)的结构化访谈,于 2018-2019 年进行。

政策和实践的发现和建议

三角调查结果表明,警察和检察官缺乏发现仇恨犯罪以及与 LGBTQ 社区和犯罪受害者接触的能力。受害者和社区成员担心遭到报复,并将一些受害者经历视为仇恨犯罪。针对研究结果,由代表迈阿密 LGBTQ 社区、倡导团体、警察和检察官办公室的 23 个当地利益相关者组成的工作组提出了七项建议,涉及:(1) 仇恨犯罪检测,(2) 机构间协调,(3) 受害者参与, (4) 沟通和意识建设,(5) 执法人员培训,(6) 数据和研究,以及 (7) 仇恨犯罪法规的修改。

结论

这些建议为更有效地侦查和起诉仇恨犯罪提供了一条前进道路。

更新日期:2021-07-12
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