This article builds the mathematical model of randomized 3D particles using a Python program to study the densification behavior of heterogeneous powder particles of non-equal diameter under pressure. The Python interface reserved by the finite element software Marc was applied to compile relevant command files and link them to carry out the numerical simulation of powder particle densification. The principles of particle distribution, deformation, and nodal flow were obtained by analyzing the powder particle compaction outcomes. The impact of particle parameters, compaction temperature, and coefficient of friction on the relative density of compacts was investigated. The results of the simulation show that the powder particles in the mould cavity are spiraling. Cu particles form concave arcs and cylindrical arcs at contact points, and the node trajectories rotate from top to bottom and from the center to the periphery. The overall deformation of Cr powder particles is not obvious. In the pressing process, the larger the powder particles, the greater the degree of deformity. As the temperature in the cavity increases, the relative density decreases. The higher the cavity friction, the higher the relative density, but once it reaches a certain value, the relative density reduces. The relative density of compacts can be greatly enhanced by selecting soft powder particles with a larger size, a higher temperature cavity, and a certain value of friction force. The experimental results verify the accuracy of the simulation, which is an important benchmark for numerical simulation of randomized particle densification. The findings provide a theoretical basis for further improvement in the density and properties of heterogeneous metal doping.

本文使用 Python 程序建立随机 3D 粒子的数学模型，以研究不等直径的异质粉末粒子在压力下的致密化行为。利用有限元软件Marc预留的Python接口，编译相关命令文件并链接，进行粉体颗粒致密化数值模拟。通过对粉末颗粒压实结果的分析，得到了颗粒分布、变形和节点流动的原理。研究了颗粒参数、压实温度和摩擦系数对压块相对密度的影响。模拟结果表明，模具型腔中的粉末颗粒呈螺旋状。铜颗粒在接触点形成凹弧和圆柱弧，并且节点轨迹从上到下，从中心到外围旋转。Cr粉颗粒整体变形不明显。在压制过程中，粉末颗粒越大，变形程度越大。随着腔内温度升高，相对密度降低。型腔摩擦力越大，相对密度越高，但一旦达到一定值，相对密度就会降低。选择较大尺寸、较高温腔和一定摩擦力值的软粉末颗粒，可以大大提高压块的相对密度。实验结果验证了模拟的准确性，是随机粒子致密化数值模拟的重要基准。