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Salinity Influences Plant–Pest–Predator Tritrophic Interactions
Journal of Economic Entomology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-16 , DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab133
M P Ali 1 , M S Rahman 1 , Farzana Nowrin 1 , S S Haque 1 , Xinghu Qin 2 , M A Haque 3 , M M Uddin 3 , Douglas A Landis 4 , M T H Howlader 3
Affiliation  

Climate change-induced salinity intrusion into agricultural soils is known to negatively impact crop production and food security. However, the effects of salinity increase on plant–herbivore–natural enemy systems and repercussions for pest suppression services are largely unknown. Here, we examine the effects of increased salinity on communities of rice (Oryza sativa), brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, and green mirid bug (GMB), Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, under greenhouse conditions. We found that elevated salinity significantly suppressed the growth of two rice cultivars. Meanwhile, BPH population size also generally decreased due to poor host plant quality induced by elevated salinity. The highest BPH density occurred at 2.0 dS/m salinity and declined thereafter with increasing salinity, irrespective of rice cultivar. The highest population density of GMB also occurred under control conditions and decreased significantly with increasing salinity. Higher salinity directly affected the rice crop by reducing plant quality measured with reference to biomass production and plant height, whereas inducing population developmental asynchrony between BPH and GMB observed at 2 dS/m salinity and potentially uncoupling prey–predator dynamics. Our results suggest that increased salinity has harmful effects on plants, herbivores, natural enemies, as well as plant–pest–predator interactions. The effects measured here suggest that the bottom-up effects of predatory insects on rice pests will likely decline in rice produced in coastal areas where salinity intrusion is common. Our findings indicate that elevated salinity influences tritrophic interactions in rice production landscapes, and further research should address resilient rice insect pest management combining multipests and predators in a changing environment.

中文翻译:

盐度影响植物-害虫-捕食者三养相互作用

众所周知,气候变化引起的盐分侵入农业土壤会对作物生产和粮食安全产生负面影响。然而,盐度增加对植物-草食动物-天敌系统的影响以及对害虫抑制服务的影响在很大程度上是未知的。在这里,我们研究了在温室条件下盐度增加对水稻(Oryza sativa)、褐飞虱(BPH)、褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)和绿豆蝽(GMB)、Cyrtorhinus lividipennis 群落的影响。我们发现盐度升高显着抑制了两种水稻品种的生长。同时,由于盐度升高导致寄主植物质量差,BPH种群规模也普遍下降。最高的 BPH 密度出现在 2.0 dS/m 盐度下,此后随着盐度的增加而下降,与水稻品种无关。GMB的最高种群密度也发生在对照条件下,并且随着盐度的增加而显着降低。较高的盐度通过降低参考生物量产量和株高测量的植物质量直接影响水稻作物,同时诱导在 2 dS/m 盐度下观察到的 BPH 和 GMB 之间的种群发育不同步,并可能解耦猎物 - 捕食者动态。我们的研究结果表明,盐度增加对植物、食草动物、天敌以及植物-害虫-捕食者的相互作用具有有害影响。此处测量的影响表明,捕食性昆虫对水稻害虫的自下而上影响可能会在盐分入侵常见的沿海地区生产的水稻中下降。
更新日期:2021-06-16
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