Although text readability has traditionally been measured based on simple linguistic features, recent studies have employed natural language processing techniques to develop new readability formulas that better represent theoretical accounts of reading processes. This study evaluated the construct validity of different readability formulas, including both traditional and newer formulas, by examining their ability to predict the processing effort involved during L2 reading as evidenced by eye movements. Two studies (an experimental study and a corpus-based study) were conducted in which the readability of target texts was calculated using different formulas and then utilized to develop models that predict particular eye movement patterns during reading. These studies revealed that although traditional formulas showed reliable performance in predicting particular eye movement patterns, in many cases, the newer formulas outperformed them. These findings support the newer readability formulas as more theoretically valid and accurate measures of the processing effort involved in L2 reading.

中文翻译：

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第二语言阅读中的文本可读性和处理工作：计算和眼动追踪调查

尽管文本可读性传统上是基于简单的语言特征来衡量的，但最近的研究已经采用自然语言处理技术来开发新的可读性公式，以更好地代表阅读过程的理论解释。这项研究评估了不同可读性公式的结构有效性，包括传统公式和新公式，通过检查它们预测第二语言阅读过程中涉及的处理工作的能力，如眼球运动所证明的那样。进行了两项研究（一项实验研究和一项基于语料库的研究），其中使用不同的公式计算目标文本的可读性，然后用于开发预测阅读期间特定眼球运动模式的模型。这些研究表明，尽管传统公式在预测特定眼球运动模式方面表现出可靠的性能，但在许多情况下，较新的公式优于它们。这些发现支持较新的可读性公式作为对 L2 阅读所涉及的处理工作量的更理论上有效和准确的度量。