Stem cell-based therapy has been highlighted as a potential avenue to promote tissue regeneration, where stimulation of stem cells to differentiate into the targeted cell type is essential. One of the factors that induce stem cells to differentiate is their surrounding microenvironment. In this study, the correlation between mild reductant and early osteogenic commitment was evaluated. A cell surface-reducing microenvironment significantly silenced the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), followed by increased focal adhesion and inhibition of cell membrane protein dimerization. Furthermore, in vivo transplantation of MSCs exposed to the reducing microenvironment resulted in an early osteogenic commitment and neobone formation. Thus, these results highlight the potential of cell surface-reducing microenvironment to influence early osteogenic commitment.

中文翻译：

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细胞表面减少微环境诱导早期成骨承诺

基于干细胞的治疗已被强调为促进组织再生的潜在途径，其中刺激干细胞分化为目标细胞类型是必不可少的。诱导干细胞分化的因素之一是它们周围的微环境。在这项研究中，评估了轻度还原剂和早期成骨承诺之间的相关性。减少细胞表面的微环境显着抑制了间充质干细胞 (MSC) 的转化生长因子 (TGF)-β 信号通路，随后增加了粘着斑并抑制了细胞膜蛋白二聚化。此外，暴露于还原微环境的 MSC 的体内移植导致早期成骨承诺和新骨形成。因此，