ABSTRACT

Despite Turkey’s long-standing history of inter-party democracy, its political parties have remained distant from intra-party democracy (IPD). This study investigates the quality and level of Turkey’s four big parties’ IPD culture with a systematic, quantitative survey data collected from parties’ district members in 2015. The data analysis demonstrates that despite its anti-systemic left-radicalism and alleged association with the armed groups, the Kurdish left (HDP) is relatively the most internally democratic party. The centre-left CHP has some edge owing to its limited use of primaries for candidate selection, yet it often comes secondary after the HDP. The two parties of the Turkish-Islamic right, AKP and MHP, are relatively more autocratic, sometimes indistinguishable. Despite the overwhelming effects of the failed coup and the system change with the 2017 referendum, the birth of new splinter parties such as the Good Party (İYİ), Future Party and DEVA still points to potential future in-party dynamics that can help improve the IPD culture in Turkey.

摘要

尽管土耳其的党际民主历史悠久，但其政党仍与党内民主（IPD）相距甚远。本研究通过 2015 年从政党地区成员中收集的系统、定量的调查数据，对土耳其四大政党的 IPD 文化的质量和水平进行了调查。库尔德左派（HDP）是相对内部最民主的政党。中间偏左的 CHP 有一些优势，因为它在候选者选择中使用的原色有限，但它通常在 HDP 之后是次要的。土耳其伊斯兰右翼的两党，AKP 和 MHP，相对更加专制，有时难以区分。