Several neurological symptoms and complications have been described in association with COVID-19, such as anosmia, ageusia, encephalitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Here, we review the literature describing SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological manifestations and provide a comprehensive discussion of proposed mechanisms underlying the neurological pathophysiology. First, we analyse the neuroinvasiveness potential of the coronavirus family based on previous SARS-CoV-1 studies. Then, we describe the current evidence on COVID-19-induced nervous tissue damage, including processes behind brain vasculopathy and cytokine storm. We also discuss in detail anosmia and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Finally, we provide a summarised timeline of the main findings in the field. Future perspectives are presented, and suggestions of further investigations to clarify how SARS-COV-2 can affect the CNS.

已经描述了与 COVID-19 相关的几种神经系统症状和并发症，例如嗅觉丧失、味觉减退、脑炎和吉兰-巴利综合征。在这里，我们回顾了描述 SARS-CoV-2 诱导的神经系统表现的文献，并全面讨论了神经病理生理学的潜在机制。首先，我们根据之前的 SARS-CoV-1 研究分析了冠状病毒家族的神经侵袭潜力。然后，我们描述了当前关于 COVID-19 引起的神经组织损伤的证据，包括脑血管病变和细胞因子风暴背后的过程。我们还详细讨论了嗅觉丧失和吉兰-巴利综合征。最后，我们提供了该领域主要发现的总结时间表。提出了未来的观点，