Fisheries productivity in the Laurentian Great Lakes has changed dramatically over the past century. Invasions of non-native species and anthropogenically induced environmental changes in habitat quality and quantity have significantly altered the species composition and abundance of Great Lakes fishes, thereby affecting the social and economic well-being of coastal communities that rely on the good and services that these fishes provide. Our increased ability to locate, access, catch, preserve, and transport fish while modifying their habitats has resulted in the loss of native fish populations, which has profoundly impacted the ecological functioning and thus the productivity, structure, and services of Great Lakes ecosystems. Further, our lack of predictable scientific knowledge and control over factors affecting the productivity of the various Great Lakes fisheries, coupled with the failure of fisheries governance systems to manage these resources sustainably, have often left Great Lakes commercial, recreational, and subsistence fisheries and their local fishing communities impoverished and in disarray. In this paper, we discuss the environmental, cultural, and socioeconomic changes that have characterized the Great Lakes basin in the last century. We also share our perspectives and personal stories about the impacts of these changes on ecosystems, fisheries, and the local and regional communities and economies that depend on them for their health and well-being. A key lesson learned was, that if we are to ensure the integrity and productivity of Great Lakes fisheries in the future, we must become better stewards, possessing a more predictable scientific and ecosystem-based understanding of fishes and their habitats while communicating the value of fisheries in food, recreational opportunities, and the economic and social wealth of local communities. The fate of Great Lakes fisheries and the quality of life of the people who use these resources are inextricably linked and can only be sustained in productive, well-governed, and well-balanced fisheries managed holistically at the ecosystem level.

中文翻译：

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五大湖渔业的变化面貌

在过去的一个世纪里，劳伦森五大湖的渔业生产力发生了巨大变化。非本地物种的入侵以及人为引起的栖息地质量和数量的环境变化已经显着改变了五大湖鱼类的物种组成和丰度，从而影响了依赖于这些物种的商品和服务的沿海社区的社会和经济福祉。鱼提供。我们在改变栖息地的同时定位、获取、捕获、保存和运输鱼类的能力提高，导致本地鱼类种群的减少，这对生态功能产生了深远的影响，从而影响了五大湖生态系统的生产力、结构和服务。更多，我们缺乏可预测的科学知识和对影响五大湖渔业生产力的因素的控制，加上渔业治理系统未能可持续地管理这些资源，常常使大湖区的商业、休闲和自给渔业及其当地渔业社区贫困和混乱。在本文中，我们讨论了上个世纪五大湖流域的环境、文化和社会经济变化。我们还分享关于这些变化对生态系统、渔业以及依赖它们的健康和福祉的当地和区域社区和经济的影响的观点和个人故事。学到的一个关键教训是，如果我们要确保未来五大湖渔业的完整性和生产力，我们必须成为更好的管理者，对鱼类及其栖息地拥有更可预测的科学和基于生态系统的理解，同时传达渔业在食物和娱乐机会方面的价值以及当地社区的经济和社会财富。五大湖渔业的命运与使用这些资源的人们的生活质量密不可分，只有在生态系统层面全面管理的生产性、管理良好和平衡良好的渔业中才能维持下去。以及当地社区的经济和社会财富。五大湖渔业的命运与使用这些资源的人们的生活质量密不可分，只有在生态系统层面全面管理的生产性、管理良好和平衡良好的渔业中才能维持下去。以及当地社区的经济和社会财富。五大湖渔业的命运与使用这些资源的人们的生活质量密不可分，只有在生态系统层面全面管理的生产性、管理良好和平衡良好的渔业中才能维持下去。