Canada and USA have over a 100-year history of international cooperation on Great Lakes management. For over 30 years, federal, state, and provincial governments have successfully used locally-defined ecosystem approaches to develop and implement remedial action plans to restore beneficial uses impairments in 43 Great Lakes Areas of Concern. Each remedial action plan identifies use impairments/causes, remedial/preventive actions to restore uses, and implementation responsibilities and timeframes. Areas of concern are removed from the list when all uses are restored. Long-term efforts are needed to ensure sustainability through adaptive management. Shared resources, like the Arabian Gulf and Great Lakes, require collaboration among boundary countries to achieve common goals. A network of regional technical and governmental representatives could be established under or affiliated with the Regional Organization of Protecting Marine Environment to promote cleanup and ecosystem-based management of degraded areas of the Sea. It would have to be flexible, not prescriptive, science-based, action-oriented, and result in well recognized benefits to all partner countries. Workshops or conferences could be convened to address ecosystem issues. This network must be value-added and build capacity, and could eventually lead to use of locally-defined ecosystem approaches to develop cleanup plans for degraded areas of the Gulf, similar to Great Lakes Areas of Concern. Gulf countries, through the Regional Organization of Protecting Marine Environment and with support of a network, could then come together every three-five years to report on progress, identify research needs, celebrate successes, and establish next steps. Gulf I, II, and III conferences are building blocks for such a network. A logical next step would be to engage the Regional Organization of Protecting Marine Environment in the establishment of a network for ecosystem-based management and co-sponsorship of a Gulf IV Conference or other forum. In the spirit of cooperative learning, further exchanges of both scientific research and management practices would be beneficial between the Great Lakes and the Gulf.

中文翻译：

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将从使用生态系统方法中吸取的经验教训，将北美五大湖的退化地区恢复到阿拉伯湾

加拿大和美国在五大湖管理方面的国际合作已有 100 多年的历史。30 多年来，联邦、州和省政府成功地使用当地定义的生态系统方法来制定和实施补救行动计划，以恢复 43 个大湖区的有益用途损害。每个补救行动计划都确定了使用损害/原因、恢复使用的补救/预防措施以及实施责任和时间表。当所有用途恢复后，关注领域将从列表中删除。需要长期努力通过适应性管理来确保可持续性。共享资源，如阿拉伯湾和五大湖，需要边界国家之间的合作才能实现共同目标。可以在保护海洋环境区域组织之下或附属于区域技术和政府代表网络，以促进对海洋退化区域的清理和基于生态系统的管理。它必须是灵活的，而不是规定性的，以科学为基础，以行动为导向，并为所有伙伴国家带来公认的好处。可以召开研讨会或会议来解决生态系统问题。该网络必须具有附加值和能力建设，最终可能会导致使用当地定义的生态系统方法为海湾退化地区制定清理计划，类似于大湖区。海湾国家通过保护海洋环境区域组织并在网络的支持下，然后可以每三五年聚在一起报告进展，确定研究需求，庆祝成功，并制定下一步计划。海湾 I、II 和 III 会议是构建此类网络的基石。合乎逻辑的下一步是让区域保护海洋环境组织参与建立一个基于生态系统的管理网络，并共同赞助海湾 IV 会议或其他论坛。本着合作学习的精神，进一步开展科学研究和管理实践的交流将有利于五大湖和海湾之间的合作。合乎逻辑的下一步是让区域保护海洋环境组织参与建立一个基于生态系统的管理网络，并共同赞助海湾 IV 会议或其他论坛。本着合作学习的精神，进一步开展科学研究和管理实践的交流将有利于五大湖和海湾之间的合作。合乎逻辑的下一步是让区域保护海洋环境组织参与建立一个基于生态系统的管理网络，并共同赞助海湾 IV 会议或其他论坛。本着合作学习的精神，进一步开展科学研究和管理实践的交流将有利于五大湖和海湾之间的交流。