This paper addresses the notion of Negative Capability, a phrase coined by the poet John Keats and picked up by the psychoanalyst Wilfred Bion. It explores what each man meant by this phrase, where the concept fits within contemporary psychoanalysis, how it relates to psychodynamic practice, and why it is, I believe, crucial to counselling adolescents. Bion’s reference is brief but the quality he identified—the ability to tolerate therapeutic experiences of uncertainty—has been widely endorsed by clinicians, taken up by the British School of Psychoanalysis in particular. I discuss the ways in which I have attempted and struggled to exercise Negative Capability in my practice, with a focus on the challenges and implications of this approach for my young clients; the paper weaves together the two psychoanalytic perceptions of Negative Capability and adolescence. Keats’s concept is significant to Bion’s metapsychology, as many have noted, linked to his theories of alpha function and the growth of thought, the abandonment of memory and desire, ultimate truth and transformation, and container/contained. With recourse to this last idea, I look at how I tolerated radical uncertainty through the vicissitudes of my own adolescence. I explore Fink’s claim that, contrary to what is perhaps commonly believed of psychotherapy, achieving conscious understanding of the unconscious causes of a symptom is not the primary aim of psychoanalysis or counselling, let alone what effects change or is in every case possible. I support Coltart’s emphasis on Bion’s belief that cultivating faith—in the process of therapy, one’s own therapeutic capacity, the client’s capacity to change, the very possibility of psychic transformation—is key to sustaining the difficult, disquieting, and sometimes almost intolerable therapeutic experience of Negative Capability, a quality I have come to consider critical to my work with young people.

中文翻译：

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不确定性、谜团、疑虑：对青少年心理动力学咨询中消极能力的考虑

这篇论文讨论了消极能力的概念，这是诗人约翰济慈创造并被精神分析家威尔弗雷德比昂采用的短语。它探讨了每个人对这个短语的含义，这个概念在当代精神分析中的适用范围，它与心理动力学实践的关系，以及为什么我认为它对咨询青少年至关重要。Bion 的参考资料很简短，但他确定的品质——耐受不确定性治疗体验的能力——得到了临床医生的广泛认可，尤其是英国精神分析学院。我讨论了我在实践中尝试和努力锻炼消极能力的方式，重点是这种方法对我的年轻客户的挑战和影响；这篇论文将消极能力和青春期的两种精神分析观点编织在一起。正如许多人所指出的，济慈的概念对比昂的元心理学具有重要意义，与他的 alpha 函数和思想增长、记忆和欲望的放弃、终极真理和转化以及容器/被包含的理论有关。借助最后一个想法，我看看我是如何通过自己青春期的变迁来容忍根本的不确定性的。我探讨了芬克的主张，即与可能普遍认为的心理治疗相反，有意识地理解症状的无意识原因并不是精神分析或咨询的主要目标，更不用说在每种情况下影响会发生变化或可能发生的事情了。 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 我支持 Coltart 强调 Bion 的信念，即在治疗过程中培养信仰，