Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily caused by accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide extracellularly and neurofibrillary tangles intracellularly. Recently, it has been shown that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysregulation play an important role in pathology of AD. Therefore, modulating various targets such as Aβ aggregation, neuro-inflammation, and oxidative stress, genetic factors such as Apolipoprotein E gene (ApoE) are some of the ways to manage AD. Studying the natural products which can act as multifunctional agents could be key toward discovering new therapeutics. Ferulic acid (FA) represents one such natural product, which has exhibited great potential in this regard. Found in the plant cell walls, FA is an antioxidant, free radical scavenger with anti-inflammatory activity. Taking this into consideration, over the years, various derivatives have been reported as anti-AD molecules based on structure of FA. The present review explores the role of FA and its derivatives as therapeutic agents in AD.

中文翻译：

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阿魏酸及其衍生物在阿尔茨海默病中的治疗潜力——系统评价

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，主要由细胞外淀粉样蛋白 (Aβ) 肽的积累和细胞内神经原纤维缠结引起。最近，已经表明氧化应激和线粒体失调在 AD 的病理学中起重要作用。因此，调节 Aβ 聚集、神经炎症和氧化应激等各种靶标、载脂蛋白 E 基因 (ApoE) 等遗传因素是管理 AD 的一些方法。研究可以作为多功能药物的天然产物可能是发现新疗法的关键。阿魏酸 (FA) 代表了一种这样的天然产物，在这方面表现出了巨大的潜力。FA 存在于植物细胞壁中，是一种抗氧化剂、自由基清除剂，具有抗炎活性。考虑到这一点，多年来，根据 FA 的结构，各种衍生物已被报道为抗 AD 分子。本综述探讨了 FA 及其衍生物作为 AD 治疗剂的作用。