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Benthic iron flux influenced by climate-sensitive interplay between organic carbon availability and sedimentation rate in Arctic fjords
Limnology and Oceanography ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 , DOI: 10.1002/lno.11885 Lisa C. Herbert 1, 2 , Qingzhi Zhu 1 , Alexander B. Michaud 3, 4 , Katja Laufer‐Meiser 3, 5 , Christopher K. Jones 6, 7 , Natascha Riedinger 6 , Zachery S. Stooksbury 8 , Robert C. Aller 1 , Bo Barker Jørgensen 3 , Laura M. Wehrmann 1
Limnology and Oceanography ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 , DOI: 10.1002/lno.11885 Lisa C. Herbert 1, 2 , Qingzhi Zhu 1 , Alexander B. Michaud 3, 4 , Katja Laufer‐Meiser 3, 5 , Christopher K. Jones 6, 7 , Natascha Riedinger 6 , Zachery S. Stooksbury 8 , Robert C. Aller 1 , Bo Barker Jørgensen 3 , Laura M. Wehrmann 1
Affiliation
Benthic iron (Fe) fluxes from continental shelf sediments are an important source of Fe to the global ocean, yet the magnitude of these fluxes is not well constrained. Processing of Fe in sediments is of particular importance in the Arctic Ocean, which has a large shelf area and Fe limitation of primary productivity. In the Arctic fjords of Svalbard, glacial weathering delivers high volumes of Fe-rich sediment to the fjord benthos. Benthic redox cycling of Fe proceeds through multiple pathways of reduction (i.e., dissimilatory iron reduction and reduction by hydrogen sulfide) and re-oxidation. There are few estimates of the magnitude and controlling factors of the benthic Fe flux in Arctic fjords. We collected cores from two Svalbard fjords (Kongsfjorden and Lilliehöökfjorden), measured dissolved Fe2+ concentrations using a two-dimensional sensor, and analyzed iron, manganese, carbon, and sulfur species to study benthic Fe fluxes. Benthic fluxes of Fe2+ vary throughout the fjords, with a “sweet spot” mid-fjord controlled by the availability of organic carbon linked to sedimentation rates. The flux is also impacted by fjord circulation and sea ice cover, which influence overall mineralization rates in the sediment. Due to ongoing Arctic warming, we predict an increase in the benthic Fe2+ flux with reduced sea ice cover in some fjords and a decrease in the Fe2+ flux with the retreat of tidewater glaciers in other regions. Decreasing benthic Fe2+ fluxes in fjords may exacerbate Fe limitation of primary productivity in the Arctic Ocean.
中文翻译:
北极峡湾有机碳可用性与沉积速率之间气候敏感相互作用对底栖铁通量的影响
来自大陆架沉积物的底栖铁 (Fe) 通量是全球海洋 Fe 的重要来源,但这些通量的大小并没有得到很好的限制。在北冰洋,沉积物中铁的加工尤为重要,因为北冰洋大陆架面积大,初级生产力受到铁的限制。在斯瓦尔巴群岛的北极峡湾,冰川风化为峡湾底栖生物提供了大量富含铁的沉积物。Fe 的底栖氧化还原循环通过多种还原途径(即异化铁还原和硫化氢还原)和再氧化进行。关于北极峡湾底栖铁通量的大小和控制因素的估计很少。我们从两个斯瓦尔巴峡湾(Kongsfjorden 和 Lilliehökfjorden)收集岩心,测量溶解的 Fe 2+使用二维传感器测量浓度,并分析铁、锰、碳和硫物质以研究底栖铁通量。Fe 2+ 的底栖通量在整个峡湾中变化,峡湾中部的“最佳位置”由与沉积速率相关的有机碳的可用性控制。通量还受到峡湾环流和海冰覆盖的影响,这会影响沉积物中的整体矿化率。由于北极持续变暖,我们预测底栖Fe 2+通量会随着一些峡湾海冰覆盖的减少而增加,而随着其他地区潮水冰川的退缩,Fe 2+通量会下降。减少底栖Fe 2+ 峡湾中的通量可能会加剧北冰洋初级生产力的铁限制。
更新日期:2021-09-13
中文翻译:
北极峡湾有机碳可用性与沉积速率之间气候敏感相互作用对底栖铁通量的影响
来自大陆架沉积物的底栖铁 (Fe) 通量是全球海洋 Fe 的重要来源,但这些通量的大小并没有得到很好的限制。在北冰洋,沉积物中铁的加工尤为重要,因为北冰洋大陆架面积大,初级生产力受到铁的限制。在斯瓦尔巴群岛的北极峡湾,冰川风化为峡湾底栖生物提供了大量富含铁的沉积物。Fe 的底栖氧化还原循环通过多种还原途径(即异化铁还原和硫化氢还原)和再氧化进行。关于北极峡湾底栖铁通量的大小和控制因素的估计很少。我们从两个斯瓦尔巴峡湾(Kongsfjorden 和 Lilliehökfjorden)收集岩心,测量溶解的 Fe 2+使用二维传感器测量浓度,并分析铁、锰、碳和硫物质以研究底栖铁通量。Fe 2+ 的底栖通量在整个峡湾中变化,峡湾中部的“最佳位置”由与沉积速率相关的有机碳的可用性控制。通量还受到峡湾环流和海冰覆盖的影响,这会影响沉积物中的整体矿化率。由于北极持续变暖,我们预测底栖Fe 2+通量会随着一些峡湾海冰覆盖的减少而增加,而随着其他地区潮水冰川的退缩,Fe 2+通量会下降。减少底栖Fe 2+ 峡湾中的通量可能会加剧北冰洋初级生产力的铁限制。