ABSTRACT

Among children under five in Nigeria, in the year 2018, the prevalence of diarrhea was 13%, that of acute respiratory infections 3%, and that of stunting 37%. A shared-component model highlights geographic variations in the comorbidities of these diseases. The data are from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The majority of states in northern Nigeria presented clusters of higher risk for comorbidities of any pair of the three diseases. Compared with mothers with primary education or less, mothers with secondary education were 1.4 times less likely to have two or three of these diseases at the same time, and women with tertiary education 2.0 times less. Compared to childless women of the same age, mothers were 1.6 times less when aged 20–29, 1.9 times less when aged 30–39, and 2.0 times less when aged 40–49. Access to a protected water source reduced the risk by a factor of 1.3. Girls under age five were 1.2 times less likely than boys of that age to have two or three of these diseases at the same time. This factor was the same for breastfed children compared to those who were not breastfed.

摘要

在尼日利亚 5 岁以下儿童中，2018 年腹泻患病率为 13%，急性呼吸道感染患病率为 3%，发育迟缓患病率为 37%。共享组件模型突出了这些疾病合并症的地理差异。数据来自 2018 年尼日利亚人口与健康调查。尼日利亚北部的大多数州都出现了这三种疾病中任何一种合并症的高风险集群。与受过小学或以下教育的母亲相比，受过中等教育的母亲同时患两种或三种以上疾病的可能性要低 1.4 倍，受过高等教育的女性要低 2.0 倍。与没有孩子的同龄女性相比，母亲在 20-29 岁时减少了 1.6 倍，在 30-39 岁时减少了 1.9 倍，在 40-49 岁时减少了 2.0 倍。使用受保护的水源可将风险降低 1.3 倍。5 岁以下的女孩同时患有两种或三种这些疾病的可能性是同龄男孩的 1.2 倍。与未母乳喂养的儿童相比，母乳喂养儿童的这一因素是相同的。