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What Happened to Mirror Neurons?
Perspectives on Psychological Science ( IF 12.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 , DOI: 10.1177/1745691621990638
Cecilia Heyes 1, 2 , Caroline Catmur 3
Affiliation  

Ten years ago, Perspectives in Psychological Science published the Mirror Neuron Forum, in which authors debated the role of mirror neurons in action understanding, speech, imitation, and autism and asked whether mirror neurons are acquired through visual-motor learning. Subsequent research on these themes has made significant advances, which should encourage further, more systematic research. For action understanding, multivoxel pattern analysis, patient studies, and brain stimulation suggest that mirror-neuron brain areas contribute to low-level processing of observed actions (e.g., distinguishing types of grip) but not to high-level action interpretation (e.g., inferring actors’ intentions). In the area of speech perception, although it remains unclear whether mirror neurons play a specific, causal role in speech perception, there is compelling evidence for the involvement of the motor system in the discrimination of speech in perceptually noisy conditions. For imitation, there is strong evidence from patient, brain-stimulation, and brain-imaging studies that mirror-neuron brain areas play a causal role in copying of body movement topography. In the area of autism, studies using behavioral and neurological measures have tried and failed to find evidence supporting the “broken-mirror theory” of autism. Furthermore, research on the origin of mirror neurons has confirmed the importance of domain-general visual-motor associative learning rather than canalized visual-motor learning, or motor learning alone.



中文翻译:

镜像神经元发生了什么?

十年前,《心理科学展望》发表了镜像神经元论坛,其中作者讨论了镜像神经元在动作理解、言语、模仿和自闭症中的作用,并询问镜像神经元是否是通过视觉运动学习获得的。随后对这些主题的研究取得了重大进展,这将鼓励进一步、更系统的研究。对于动作理解、多体素模式分析、患者研究和大脑刺激表明,镜像神经元大脑区域有助于观察到的动作的低级处理(例如,区分握力类型),但对高级动作解释(例如,推断演员的意图)。在语音感知领域,尽管镜像神经元是否在语音感知中发挥特定的因果作用仍不清楚,有令人信服的证据表明,运动系统参与了感知噪声条件下的语音辨别。对于模仿,来自患者、大脑刺激和大脑成像研究的有力证据表明,镜像神经元大脑区域在复制身体运动地形方面起着因果作用。在自闭症领域,使用行为和神经学测量的研究已经尝试并未能找到支持自闭症“破镜理论”的证据。此外,对镜像神经元起源的研究证实了域通用视觉运动联想学习的重要性,而不是管道化视觉运动学习或单独的运动学习。和大脑成像研究表明,镜像神经元大脑区域在复制身体运动地形方面起着因果作用。在自闭症领域,使用行为和神经学测量的研究已经尝试并未能找到支持自闭症“破镜理论”的证据。此外,对镜像神经元起源的研究证实了域通用视觉运动联想学习的重要性,而不是管道化视觉运动学习或单独的运动学习。和大脑成像研究表明,镜像神经元大脑区域在复制身体运动地形方面起着因果作用。在自闭症领域,使用行为和神经学测量的研究已经尝试并未能找到支持自闭症“破镜理论”的证据。此外,对镜像神经元起源的研究证实了域通用视觉运动联想学习的重要性,而不是管道化视觉运动学习或单独的运动学习。

更新日期:2021-07-09
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