Coastal regions are experiencing socio-demographic shifts that have local, regional, and even wider implications for coastal management and planning. These shifts can arise from different local geographic drivers. This paper considers different change processes and undertakes a quantitative analysis to investigate potential drivers and geographic variations in coastal change processes. We use coastal Maine as the study region and employ multivariate methods using American Community Survey 5-year estimate period data. We first address the question: is there a coastal effect? Secondly, we conduct a cluster analysis to identify spatial variations in processes that may be at work over the extent of the coast. Thirdly, we conduct a change analysis to identify where socio-economic and demographic shifts are occurring most rapidly. Our analysis contributes to the understanding of comparative and quantitative analysis of change processes in a coastal setting that may be variously categorized as amenity migration, counterurbanization, suburbanization, or touristification depending on geographic context. Comparative results show clear separation between coastal and non-coastal communities on several individual indicators. The K-means cluster analysis reveals multivariate differentiation among the group of coastal communities. The ranked change analysis indicates differentiation among the coastal group, pointing toward potential differentiation in processes driving these changes.

沿海地区正在经历社会人口变化，这些变化对沿海管理和规划具有地方、区域甚至更广泛的影响。这些转变可能来自不同的当地地理驱动因素。本文考虑了不同的变化过程，并进行了定量分析，以调查沿海变化过程中的潜在驱动因素和地理变化。我们使用缅因州沿海地区作为研究区域，并使用美国社区调查 5 年估计期数据采用多变量方法。我们首先解决一个问题：是否有沿海效应？其次，我们进行了聚类分析，以确定可能在海岸范围内起作用的过程的空间变化。第三，我们进行变化分析，以确定社会经济和人口变化发生得最快的地方。我们的分析有助于理解沿海环境中变化过程的比较和定量分析，根据地理环境可以将其分类为舒适性迁移、逆城市化、郊区化或旅游化。比较结果表明，沿海和非沿海社区在几个单独的指标上明显分离。K-means 聚类分析揭示了沿海社区群之间的多元分化。排名变化分析表明沿海群体之间存在差异，指向驱动这些变化的过程中的潜在差异。或旅游化取决于地理环境。比较结果表明，沿海和非沿海社区在几个单独的指标上明显分离。K-means 聚类分析揭示了沿海社区群之间的多元分化。排名变化分析表明沿海群体之间存在差异，指向驱动这些变化的过程中的潜在差异。或旅游化取决于地理环境。比较结果表明，沿海和非沿海社区在几个单独的指标上明显分离。K-means 聚类分析揭示了沿海社区群之间的多元分化。排名变化分析表明沿海群体之间存在差异，指向驱动这些变化的过程中的潜在差异。