Post-error slowing is one of the most widely employed measures to study cognitive and behavioral consequences of error commission. Several methods have been proposed to quantify the post-error slowing effect, and we discuss two main methods: The traditional method of comparing response times in correct post-error trials to response times of correct trials that follow another correct trial, and a more recent proposal of comparing response times in correct post-error trials to the corresponding correct pre-error trials. Based on thorough re-analyses of two datasets, we argue that the latter method provides an inflated estimate by also capturing the (partially) independent effect of pre-error speeding. We propose two solutions for improving the assessment of human error processing, both of which highlight the importance of distinguishing between initial pre-error speeding and later post-error slowing.

错误后减缓是研究错误委员会的认知和行为后果的最广泛采用的措施之一。已经提出了几种方法来量化错误后减缓效应，我们讨论了两种主要方法：将正确的错误后试验中的响应时间与另一个正确试验之后的正确试验的响应时间进行比较的传统方法，以及最近的一种方法。建议将正确的错误后试验中的响应时间与相应的正确的错误前试验中的响应时间进行比较。基于对两个数据集的彻底重新分析，我们认为后一种方法通过捕获预错误加速的（部分）独立影响来提供夸大的估计。我们提出了两种改进人为错误处理评估的解决方案，