In big cities, the drivers face a major problem in identifying an optimal vacant parking space for their vehicles as the number of vehicles has rapidly grown over the recent years. This objective of determining the available parking space results in wastage of time, air pollution, and traffic congestion. Smart parking systems facilitate the driver to book parking slots and attain real-time parking information. However, the existing smart parking solutions necessitate the disclosure of sensitive information like desired destination from the vehicle drivers. Moreover, the current smart parking solutions are highly centralized, making them vulnerable for launching privacy breaches by service providers and resulting in the issues of single-point failure. In this paper, ring signature and improved multi-transaction mode consortium blockchain-based private information retrieval (RS-IMTMCB-PIR) scheme is proposed for privacy preserving in smart parking system. This RS-IMTMCB-PIR scheme initially utilizes an improved multi-transaction mode consortium blockchain constructed by different number of parking lot owners in order to achieve maximized parking offers based on the factor of availability, transparency, and security. It incorporates an improved private information retrieval approach for protecting the location privacy of drivers and secretly retrieving the offers of parking from the improved multi-transaction mode consortium blockchain. It further utilizes the benefits of ring signature for permitting the drivers in a potential anonymous authentication process that aids in available parking slot reservation. The simulation results of this proposed RS-IMTMCB-PIR scheme portrayed a predominant performance in ensuring maximized degree of drivers' privacy with reduced computation and communication overheads.

中文翻译：

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基于环签名和改进的多交易模式联盟基于区块链的隐私智能停车系统隐私信息检索

在大城市，随着近年来车辆数量的快速增长，司机在为他们的车辆确定最佳空闲停车位方面面临着一个主要问题。这种确定可用停车位的目标会导致时间浪费、空气污染和交通拥堵。智能停车系统方便驾驶员预订停车位并获取实时停车信息。然而，现有的智能停车解决方案需要向车辆驾驶员披露诸如所需目的地等敏感信息。此外，当前的智能停车解决方案高度集中，容易受到服务提供商发起的隐私泄露并导致单点故障的问题。在本文中，环签名和改进的多事务模式联盟基于区块链的私人信息检索（RS-IMTMCB-PIR）方案被提出用于智能停车系统中的隐私保护。该 RS-IMTMCB-PIR 方案最初利用由不同数量的停车场所有者构建的改进的多交易模式联盟区块链，以基于可用性、透明度和安全性因素实现最大化的停车优惠。它采用了改进的私人信息检索方法，用于保护驾驶员的位置隐私，并从改进的多交易模式联盟区块链中秘密检索停车报价。它还利用环签名的好处来允许驾驶员进行潜在的匿名身份验证过程，这有助于预留可用的停车位。