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The impacts of land reforms on water infrastructure use and investment: A case study of the Biri dam, Zimbabwe
Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2021.103050
Bilton Simango 1 , Collin Mabiza 1 , Webster Gumindoga 1 , Alexander Mhizha 1
Affiliation  

This paper sought to answer the question, how did Zimbabwe land reforms impact on water use, property rights and investment in water infrastructure? This was done for Biri dam in Middle Manyame subcatchment. Landuse and landcover changes from 1984 through the land reform period to 2019 were analysed through GIS and remote sensing techniques. Water allocation and dam levels records were analysed to understand water use patterns within the subcatchment in the aftermath of the land reforms. Interviews were used to investigate perceptions on property rights and investment in water infrastructure. The study found that construction of the Biri dam coincided with the commencement of the Fast-Track Land Reform Programme. As a part of the reform process, the custodianship of the Biri dam was moved to the national water authority. Consequently, farmers who had invested in the dam lost their investment. Changes in land ownership affected water use, so much that between 2007 and 2020 the dam mostly maintained water storage levels above 70%. The study attributed the 85% decrease in land put under irrigation from 1984 to 2019 to the land reforms. Municipal water use, rather than agriculture for which the dam was primarily constructed, has now become the largest water user in the subcatchment. The study concluded that land reforms impacted negatively on water utilization and loss of investment in water infrastructure. The study recommends that land and water changes be implemented concurrently, taking into account how changes in one resource affects the other.



中文翻译:

土地改革对水利基础设施使用和投资的影响:以津巴布韦比里大坝为例

本文试图回答以下问题:津巴布韦土地改革对水资源利用、产权和水利基础设施投资有何影响?这是为 Middle Manyame 子汇水面积的 Biri 大坝所做的。通过地理信息系统和遥感技术分析了从 1984 年到土地改革期间到 2019 年的土地利用和土地覆盖变化。分析了水分配和水坝水位记录,以了解土地改革后子汇水面积内的用水模式。访谈被用来调查对产权和水基础设施投资的看法。研究发现,比里大坝的建设恰逢快速土地改革计划的开始。作为改革进程的一部分,比里大坝的管理权转移到了国家水务局。结果,投资大坝的农民失去了投资。土地所有权的变化影响用水,以至于在 2007 年至 2020 年间,大坝的蓄水量大多保持在 70% 以上。该研究将 1984 年至 2019 年灌溉土地减少 85% 归因于土地改革。市政用水,而不是主要建造大坝的农业,现在已成为子汇水面积中最大的用水户。该研究得出的结论是,土地改革对水的利用和水基础设施投资的损失产生了负面影响。该研究建议同时实施土地和水资源变化,同时考虑一种资源的变化如何影响另一种资源。现已成为子汇水面积中最大的用水户。该研究得出的结论是,土地改革对水的利用和水基础设施投资的损失产生了负面影响。该研究建议同时实施土地和水资源变化,同时考虑一种资源的变化如何影响另一种资源。现在已成为子汇水面积中最大的用水户。该研究得出的结论是,土地改革对水的利用和水基础设施投资的损失产生了负面影响。该研究建议同时实施土地和水资源变化,同时考虑一种资源的变化如何影响另一种资源。

更新日期:2021-07-28
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