In recent years, the exciting emergence of circulating miRNAs as stable, reproducible, and consistent among individuals has opened a promising research opportunity for the detection of non-invasive biomarkers. A firm connection has been established between circulating miRNAs and glycaemic as well as metabolic homeostasis, showing that levels of specific miRNAs vary under different physio-pathological conditions. In this pilot study, we investigated the expression of candidate miRNAs, hsa-miR-191-3p and hsa-miR-375, in relation to biomarkers associated with insulin sensitivity in a subgroup (n=58) of subjects participating to the European I.Family Study, a project aimed to assess the determinants of eating behaviour in children and adolescents and related health outcomes. The sample included overweight/obese children/adolescents since overweight/obesity is a known risk factor for impaired glucose homeostasis and metabolic disorders. Biological targets of candidate miRNAs were also explored in silico. We observed a significant association of the two miRNAs and early changes in glycaemic homeostasis, independent of covariates including country of origin, age, BMI z-score, puberty status, highest educational level of parents, total energy intake, energy from fats, energy from carbohydrates, and energy from proteins. Identification of circulating miRNAs associated with insulin impairment may offer novel approaches of assessing early variations in insulin sensitivity and provide evidence about the molecular mechanisms connected to early changes in glycaemic homeostasis. ISRCTN, ISRCTN62310987. Retrospectively registered, http://isrctn.com/ISRCTN62310987

中文翻译：

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循环 miR-191 和 miR-375 表达水平与超重儿童胰岛素抵抗标志物的关联：I.Family 研究的探索性分析

近年来，循环 miRNA 的出现令人兴奋，因为它在个体之间具有稳定、可重复和一致的特性，这为检测非侵入性生物标志物开辟了有希望的研究机会。循环 miRNA 与血糖以及代谢稳态之间建立了牢固的联系，表明特定 miRNA 的水平在不同的生理病理条件下会有所不同。在这项初步研究中，我们研究了候选 miRNA、hsa-miR-191-3p 和 hsa-miR-375 的表达与参与欧洲 I .Family Study，一个旨在评估儿童和青少年饮食行为和相关健康结果的决定因素的项目。样本包括超重/肥胖儿童/青少年，因为超重/肥胖是葡萄糖稳态受损和代谢紊乱的已知风险因素。还在计算机上探索了候选 miRNA 的生物靶点。我们观察到两种 miRNA 与血糖稳态的早期变化之间存在显着关联，独立于协变量，包括原产国、年龄、BMI z 分数、青春期状态、父母的最高教育水平、总能量摄入、来自脂肪的能量、来自脂肪的能量。碳水化合物和来自蛋白质的能量。鉴定与胰岛素损伤相关的循环 miRNA 可能提供评估胰岛素敏感性早期变化的新方法，并提供有关与血糖稳态早期变化相关的分子机制的证据。ISRCTN，ISRCTN62310987。