Green miniaturized technologies are the need of the hour which not only facilitates the downscaling of conventional analytical or bioanalytical systems but also serves as the driving force towards safeguarding our environment from toxic and harmful chemicals. Additionally, the rapid advancements in the microfabrication and nanofabrication approaches lead to a great boost in the technologies such as microfluidic devices or lab-on-a-chip (LOC). Accordingly, the present review provides a comprehensive overview of the green aspects of miniaturized systems for greener and cost-effective analytical processes including the reduction of volume of samples/solvents by employing LOC-based microextraction techniques; replacement of toxic solvents with green solvents including subcritical water, supercritical fluid, deep eutectic solvents, bioderived solvents and ionic liquids; minimization of generated waste by using microfluidic devices where lower amount of sample and solvents are utilized. The miniaturization of the overall analytical process is also discussed in terms of the miniaturization of several individual steps such as miniaturization of sample preparation techniques, analytical separation techniques, detection techniques and the automation of all these individual stages which will significantly reduce the energy requirements, risk factors and the overall cost of the analytical system. Various crucial challenges that hinder the realization of the commercialization of green miniaturized technology based LOC systems are also discussed in details along with the advancements in green miniaturized technologies which are being utilized in analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

绿色微型化技术是时代的需要，它不仅有助于缩小传统分析或生物分析系统的规模，而且是保护我们的环境免受有毒和有害化学物质侵害的驱动力。此外，微制造和纳米制造方法的快速发展极大地推动了微流体设备或芯片实验室 ​​(LOC) 等技术的发展。因此，本综述全面概述了用于更环保和更具成本效益的分析过程的小型化系统的绿色方面，包括通过采用基于 LOC 的微萃取技术减少样品/溶剂的体积；用绿色溶剂替代有毒溶剂，包括亚临界水、超临界流体、低共熔溶剂，生物衍生溶剂和离子液体；通过使用较少量的样品和溶剂的微流体装置最大限度地减少产生的废物。整个分析过程的小型化也从几个单独步骤的小型化方面进行了讨论，例如样品制备技术的小型化、分析分离技术、检测技术以及所有这些单独阶段的自动化，这将显着降低能源需求、风险因素和分析系统的总成本。