Seed health is one of the quality characteristics that must be assessed during the seed certification process. In this study, the freezing blotter method was used to detect fungi present in a total of 102 and 75 maize seed lots produced in 2019 and 2020 respectively, by eight companies in different geographic areas. The analysis of the seed samples produced in 2019 showed significant differences among companies and countries in the percentage of infection with Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. The results obtained with the samples produced in 2020 were not statistically different. PCR-based tests were carried out on 90 isolates to identify the fungal species and differentiate the mycotoxigenic isolates. The results showed that Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus were the most common species infecting seed and that 46.5% of F. verticillioides and 57.1% of A. flavus isolates were toxigenic. The most effective seed treatments against Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus spp. contained azoxystrobin and prothioconazole.

种子健康是种子认证过程中必须评估的质量特征之一。在这项研究中，使用冷冻吸墨法检测了 2019 年和 2020 年生产的 102 和 75 个玉米种子批次中存在的真菌，​​这些批次分别来自不同地理区域的 8 家公司。对 2019 年生产的种子样本的分析表明，公司和国家之间曲霉属的感染百分比存在显着差异。和镰刀菌属。使用 2020 年生产的样品获得的结果没有统计学差异。对 90 个分离株进行了基于 PCR 的测试，以鉴定真菌种类并区分产生霉菌毒素的分离株。结果表明，轮枝镰刀菌和黄曲霉是最常见的感染种子的物种，46.5% 的轮枝曲霉和 57.1% 的黄曲霉分离株是有毒的。对镰刀菌属最有效的种子处理。和曲霉属。含有嘧菌酯和丙硫菌唑。