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Floating marine litter in Eastern Mediterranean from macro to microplastics: the Lebanese coastal area as a case study
Frontiers in Environmental Science ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-07 , DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2021.699343
Sharif Jemaa , Celine Mahfouz , Maria Kazour , Myriam Lteif , Abed El Rahman Hassoun , Myriam Ghsoub , Rachid Amara , Gaby Khalaf , Milad Fakhri

Despite emerging and increasing concerns related to marine micro and macroplastics, no systematic surveys have been undertaken yet in the Lebanese marine area. To understand the spatio-temporal variation of plastic litter (macro and microplastics) in the Lebanese marine environment and determine the sources of pollution, this study investigated the characteristics of plastic pollution in sea surface waters during wet and dry seasons in 22 sites of Beirut and Tyre regions. A total of 23023 items were identified and assessed according to the shape, color, and concentration; moreover, the risk of microplastics (MPs) contamination was explored based on a risk assessment model. The obtained results demonstrated that the average macroplastics concentration was 0.45±0.6 items/m3. The average microplastics concentration was found to be 20.1±21.8 and 3.78±5.2 items/m3 in spring and fall respectively. During fall, MP fragments were dominant in Beirut (97%) and Tyre (91%), and no pellets were observed. During spring, filaments were most encountered in Beirut (76.5%). The most dominant marine litter color was blue followed by black and white. According to the Pollution Load Index (PLI) values, the marine water along the Lebanese coast is moderately contaminated with MPs (PLI: 5.79 ± 3.93) except for several sites from Beirut that showed high values of PLI, highlighting the local influence of cities and rivers on MP concentration. This study is an important baseline for understanding the characteristics of the seasonal variation of MPs along the Lebanese marine environment; it will help stakeholders and countries to take proactive and reactive actions to face plastic litter pollution in the Lebanese coastal area.

中文翻译:

东地中海漂浮的海洋垃圾从宏观到微塑料:以黎巴嫩沿海地区为例

尽管与海洋微塑料和大塑料有关的关注日益增加,但尚未在黎巴嫩海域进行系统调查。为了解黎巴嫩海洋环境中塑料垃圾(宏塑料和微塑料)的时空变化并确定污染源,本研究调查了贝鲁特和贝鲁特 22 个地点在干湿季节海面水域塑料污染的特征。轮胎地区。根据形状、颜色和浓度共识别和评估23023个项目;此外,基于风险评估模型探讨了微塑料 (MPs) 污染的风险。所得结果表明,平均大塑料浓度为 0.45±0.6 件/立方米。发现平均微塑料浓度为 20.1±21.8 和 3。春季和秋季分别为78±5.2个/m3。秋季,贝鲁特(97%)和提尔(91%)以 MP 碎片为主,未观察到颗粒。在春季,贝鲁特最常遇到长丝(76.5%)。最主要的海洋垃圾颜色是蓝色,其次是黑色和白色。根据污染负荷指数 (PLI) 值,黎巴嫩沿海的海水受到 MPs 中度污染(PLI:5.79 ± 3.93),但贝鲁特的几个地点显示 PLI 值较高,突出了城市和河流对 MP 浓度的影响。这项研究是了解黎巴嫩海洋环境中 MP 季节性变化特征的重要基线;
更新日期:2021-07-07
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