The formation of Dense Shelf Water (DSW) and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) in the Southern Ocean is an essential part of the thermohaline circulation, and understanding this phenomenon is crucial for studying the global climate. AABW is formed as DSW flows down the continental slope and mixes with the surrounding waters. However, DSW formation and its descent remains a poorly resolved issue in many ocean models. We, therefore, simulated the formation and descent of DSW and investigated the model sensitivities to horizontal and vertical grid spacings. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm) was used for the region off Cape Darnley in East Antarctica, one of the main AABW production areas, where historical and mooring data are available for comparison. Simulations with coarse horizontal grid resolutions of order (10 km) yielded high volumes of DSW on the shelf. However, the largest part of this DSW was transformed into intermediate water and advected westward. Horizontal model resolutions equal to or higher than 2 km were required to simulate the descent of DSW and a realistic AABW production. Simulated time series at a mooring located at a depth of 2,600 m showed periodic fluctuations in velocity and temperature of 0.3 m$\cdot$s⁻¹ and 0.5 °C, respectively, consistent with observations. We also found that high-resolution bathymetry datasets are crucial because the newly formed AABW volume was reduced by 20% when a smoother bathymetry was used on a 2-km resolution grid. Vertical resolution had little influence on model performance because the plume was much thicker (> 170 m) than the grids width. Therefore, reproducing the downslope flow of DSW and AABW formation in the Cape Darnley region can be achieved with a high horizontal resolution ($\le$ 2 km) and a relatively coarse vertical resolution ($\sim$100 m on the continental slope).

南大洋致密大陆架水 (DSW) 和南极底水 (AABW) 的形成是温盐环流的重要组成部分，了解这一现象对于研究全球气候至关重要。AABW 形成为 DSW 沿大陆坡流下并与周围水域混合。然而，DSW 的形成及其下降在许多海洋模型中仍然是一个难以解决的问题。因此，我们模拟了 DSW 的形成和下降，并研究了模型对水平和垂直网格间距的敏感性。麻省理工学院大环流模型 (MITgcm) 用于南极洲东部达恩利角附近的地区，该地区是 AABW 的主要生产区之一，可用于比较历史和系泊数据。使用粗水平网格分辨率（10 公里）的模拟在架子上产生了大量的 DSW。然而，这个 DSW 的最大部分变成了中间水并向西平流。需要等于或高于 2 公里的水平模型分辨率来模拟 DSW 的下降和真实的 AABW 生产。位于 2,600 m 深度的系泊处的模拟时间序列显示速度和温度的周期性波动为 0.3 m$\cdot$s ^-1和 0.5 °C 分别与观察结果一致。我们还发现高分辨率水深数据集至关重要，因为在 2 公里分辨率网格上使用更平滑的水深测量时，新形成的 AABW 体积减少了 20%。垂直分辨率对模型性能几乎没有影响，因为羽流比网格宽度厚得多（> 170 m）。因此，可以在高水平分辨率下实现在Cape Darnley 地区再现DSW 和AABW 地层的下坡流（$\le$ 2 公里）和相对粗糙的垂直分辨率（$～$100 m 在大陆坡上）。