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tRNA-derived fragments: A new class of non-coding RNA with key roles in nervous system function and dysfunction
Progress in Neurobiology ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102118
Steven G Fagan 1 , Mark Helm 2 , Jochen H M Prehn 1
Affiliation  

tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNA) are a recently identified family of non-coding RNA that have been associated with a variety of cellular functions including the regulation of protein translation and gene expression. Recent sequencing and bioinformatic studies have identified the broad spectrum of tsRNA in the nervous system and demonstrated that this new class of non-coding RNA is produced from tRNA by specific cleavage events catalysed by ribonucleases such as angiogenin and dicer. Evidence is also accumulating that production of tsRNA is increased during disease processes where they regulate stress responses, proteostasis, and neuronal survival. Mutations to tRNA cleaving and modifying enzymes have been implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders, and tsRNA levels in the blood are advancing as biomarkers for neurological disease. In this review we summarize the physiological importance of tsRNA in the central nervous system and their relevance to neurological disease.



中文翻译:

tRNA 衍生片段:一类在神经系统功能和功能障碍中起关键作用的新型非编码 RNA

tRNA 衍生的小 RNA (tsRNA) 是最近发现的非编码 RNA 家族,它与多种细胞功能相关,包括调节蛋白质翻译和基因表达。最近的测序和生物信息学研究已经确定了神经系统中广谱的 tsRNA,并证明这一类新的非编码 RNA 是由 tRNA 通过由血管生成素和切丁酶等核糖核酸酶催化的特定切割事件产生的。越来越多的证据表明 tsRNA 的产生在疾病过程中增加,在这些过程中它们调节应激反应、蛋白质稳态和神经元存活。tRNA 切割和修饰酶的突变与几种神经退行性疾病有关,并且血液中的 tsRNA 水平正在作为神经疾病的生物标志物而提高。

更新日期:2021-08-26
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