ABSTRACT

There is little known about the architectural conservation policies, mechanisms, and dynamics within the contested boundaries of unrecognised states. This paper redresses this lack of information and discusses the situation in northern Cyprus, an exemplary case of a long-surviving de facto state. Following its secession in 1974, the Turkish Cypriot community assumed responsibility for a substantial portfolio of monuments and heritage structures with complex ethnoreligious legacies. Except for some limited local resources, conservation works have been externally-funded, mainly from Turkey, the United Nations, the United States, and the European Union. This paper explores conservation governance and the diplomatic manoeuvrings of the local and international actors . There are de facto authorities, which keep cultural heritage under their control but cannot safeguard it, and the Greek Cypriot-led Republic of Cyprus, which links the conservation of cultural heritage to resolving the Cyprus problem. As well, there are foreign agents whose growing heritage diplomacies mark their presence in northern Cyprus by providing support for conservation. The analysis reveals an imbroglio with numerous complexities and potential ethical issues and dilemmas. It suggests that heritage conservation in an unrecognised state becomes a tool of soft power for international actors and is linked to wider geo-political tensions.

摘要

在未被承认的国家的有争议的边界内，对建筑保护政策、机制和动态知之甚少。本文纠正了信息的缺乏，并讨论了塞浦路斯北部的情况，这是一个长期存在的事实上的国家的典型案例。1974 年分离后，土族塞人社区承担了大量具有复杂民族宗教遗产的纪念碑和遗产结构的责任。除了一些有限的当地资源外，保护工作都是外部资助的，主要来自土耳其、联合国、美国和欧盟。本文探讨了保护治理以及当地和国际参与者的外交策略。有事实上的当局，将文化遗产置于他们的控制之下但无法保护它，以及希族塞人领导的塞浦路斯共和国，它将文化遗产的保护与解决塞浦路斯问题联系起来。此外，一些外国代理人的遗产外交不断扩大，通过为保护提供支持来标志着他们在塞浦路斯北部的存在。分析揭示了一个具有众多复杂性和潜在道德问题和困境的混乱局面。它表明，在未被承认的国家保护遗产成为国际行为者的软实力工具，并与更广泛的地缘政治紧张局势有关。有些外国代理人的遗产外交不断扩大，通过提供保护支持来标志着他们在塞浦路斯北部的存在。分析揭示了一个具有众多复杂性和潜在道德问题和困境的混乱局面。它表明，在未被承认的国家保护遗产成为国际行为者的软实力工具，并与更广泛的地缘政治紧张局势有关。有些外国代理人的遗产外交不断扩大，通过提供保护支持来标志着他们在塞浦路斯北部的存在。分析揭示了一个具有众多复杂性和潜在道德问题和困境的混乱局面。它表明，在未被承认的国家保护遗产成为国际行为体的软实力工具，并与更广泛的地缘政治紧张局势有关。