Soil salinity buildup and soil degradation are emerging challenges in cropping systems practicing high chemical fertilization. Application of biostimulants and organic fertilizers are better deserve agricultural sustainability and are generally reflected in more nutritious foods than chemical fertilization. In this study, the growth, quality and antioxidant capacity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were evaluated under application of organic and biological compared to chemical fertilization in a pot experiment. Different soil fertilization treatments including vermicompost (20% pot volume), cow manure (20% pot volume), biophosphate (as seed inoculation), glycine amino acid (as a biostimulant at 300 mg/kg soil), mixed NPK fertilizer (at 600 mg/kg soil) and unfertilized control were applied to plants under a completely randomized design with four replications. The results showed that application of organic fertilizers mainly vermicompost and glycine, and to lesser extent NPK fertilizer significantly increased many growth, yield and biochemical quality traits of coriander including root and shoot biomass, leaf SPAD value, ascorbic acid, mineral nutrients, flavonoids and antioxidant activity compared to control plants. Fertilization practices resulted in higher biomass production of root (all treatments) and shoot (all treatments except biophosphate) than control plants. Leaf minerals including N and K (in vermicompost, NPK and glycine treatments), leaf P and Fe (in vermicompost and glycine treatments), leaf Zn (in vermicompost treatment) were significantly increased compared to control plants. Application of manure recorded the lowest leaf Ca and total phenols, while the highest leaf Ca was in vermicompost and glycine-treated plants and the highest leaf phenols was in vermicompost treatment. Application of glycine resulted in the highest leaf ascorbic acid as well as catalase enzyme activity. Leaf antioxidant capacity was significantly higher in vermicompost, glycine and NPK treatments compared to control plants. Leaf carotenoids, peroxidase activity, the concentration of Mg, Cu and Mn were not significantly affected by treatments. The results indicate that cow manure and biophosphate treatments were not much effective on plant growth; however, vermicompost and glycine showed promising improvement of coriander growth and antioxidant capacity even more than NPK fertilization.

中文翻译：

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有机和无机施肥程序下芫荽叶的生长、生化品质和抗氧化能力

土壤盐分积累和土壤退化是实施高化学施肥的种植系统中新出现的挑战。生物刺激素和有机肥料的应用更值得农业可持续性，并且通常反映在比化学施肥更有营养的食物中。在这项研究中，在盆栽试验中，与化学施肥相比，在有机肥和生物肥施用下，对香菜 (Coriandrum sativum L.) 的生长、品质和抗氧化能力进行了评估。不同的土壤施肥处理，包括蚯蚓堆肥（20% 盆栽体积）、牛粪（20% 盆栽体积）、生物磷酸盐（作为种子接种）、甘氨酸（作为 300 mg/kg 土壤的生物刺激剂），将混合 NPK 肥料（600 毫克/千克土壤）和未施肥的对照以完全随机的设计施用于植物，重复四次。结果表明，有机肥的施用以蚯蚓粪和甘氨酸为主，氮磷钾肥的施用对香菜根茎生物量、叶片SPAD值、抗坏血酸、矿质营养素、黄酮类化合物和抗氧化剂等多项生长、产量和生化品质性状均有显着影响。与对照植物相比的活性。施肥实践导致根（所有处理）和地上部（除生物磷酸盐外的所有处理）的生物量产量高于对照植物。叶矿物质，包括 N 和 K（在蚯蚓堆肥、NPK 和甘氨酸处理中）、叶 P 和 Fe（在蚯蚓堆肥和甘氨酸处理中），与对照植物相比，叶锌（在蚯蚓堆肥处理中）显着增加。施用粪肥记录了最低的叶钙和总酚，而最高的叶钙是在蚯蚓堆肥和甘氨酸处理的植物中，最高的叶酚是在蚯蚓堆肥处理中。施用甘氨酸导致最高的叶抗坏血酸以及过氧化氢酶活性。与对照植物相比，蚯蚓堆肥、甘氨酸和 NPK 处理的叶片抗氧化能力显着更高。叶片类胡萝卜素、过氧化物酶活性、Mg、Cu 和 Mn 的浓度不受处理的显着影响。结果表明，牛粪和生物磷酸盐处理对植物生长的影响不大；然而，