Membrane distillation (MD) has attracted significant attention in recent years; however, MD membrane fouling is still a big issue. For the first time, this study explored the performance of a standalone direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and an integrated peroxymonosulfate (PMS)/DCMD for the treatment of surface water mainly containing algogenic organic matter (AOM) to elucidate pollutant removal as well as fouling propensity and mitigation. The results indicated that the overall conductivity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removals by the standalone DCMD and PMS/DCMD were comparable (98–99.8%). However, permeate flux of the standalone DCMD reduced by 62% due to severe membrane fouling. After pre-treatment at 60 °C, flux reduction of 27–40% and no flux decline were observed at PMS concentrations of 1–5 mM and 10–15 mM, respectively. The optimum PMS concentration of 10 mM was also demonstrated to be effective for membrane fouling mitigation at 40 and 50 °C. Characterisation of AOM indicated the presence of protein-like and high MW (≥10 kDa) compounds, which were readily degraded by the reactive species (OH and ¹O₂) generated by heat-activated PMS. Characterisation of fouled MD membrane confirmed that fouling was mainly caused by protein-like compounds, consequently affecting permeate flux and membrane properties.

近年来，膜蒸馏（MD）引起了极大的关注；然而，MD 膜污染仍然是一个大问题。本研究首次探讨了独立直接接触膜蒸馏 (DCMD) 和集成过硫酸盐 (PMS)/DCMD 处理主要含有藻类有机物 (AOM) 的地表水的性能，以阐明污染物的去除以及污染倾向和缓解。结果表明，独立 DCMD 和 PMS/DCMD 的总电导率和溶解有机碳 (DOC) 去除率相当（98-99.8%）。然而，由于严重的膜污染，独立 DCMD 的渗透通量降低了 62%。在 60 °C 下预处理后，在 PMS 浓度分别为 1-5 mM 和 10-15 mM 时，观察到通量减少 27-40% 且没有通量下降。10 mM 的最佳 PMS 浓度也被证明在 40 和 50 °C 下可有效减少膜污染。AOM 的表征表明存在蛋白质样和高 MW (≥10 kDa) 化合物，它们很容易被活性物质 (OH和¹ O ₂ ) 由热激活 PMS 产生。污染 MD 膜的表征证实，污染主要由类蛋白质化合物引起，从而影响渗透通量和膜性能。