Abstract

In this research, pollen micromorphology and ultrastructure of eight species belonging to genera including Alrawia, Bellevalia, Fessia, Muscari, Othocallis, Prospero, Puschkinia, and Zagrosia were investigated by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The pollen size varied among the studied species. Othocallis monanthos and Muscari neglectum had the largest and smallest pollen grains, respectively. Based on the Polar axis/Equatorial axis (P/E) ratio, Bellevalia saviczii had peroblate pollen shape and the rest were oblate. Exine ornamentation on the equatorial surface, sulcus margin exine ornamentation, and intine ornamentation in the sulcus membrane region of the pollen grains varied among the selected species of all genera. The exine layer in all genera had semitectate tectum, simplicolumellate infratectum, and discontinuous foot layer. There was discontinuous endexine in M. neglectum, Prospero autumnale, and Zagrosia persica. Alrawia bellii, P. autumnale, and Puschkinia scilloides had three intine layers in the sulcus membrane region, O. monanthos had two, and the rest of the species had one. Also, in those species with three layers in the sulcus membrane region, the outer intine layer had many channels. A dendrogram of the palynological characters grouped them into three pollen types and six pollen subtypes. The pollen types verified the phylogenetic relationships among the studied genera, whereas the pollen subtypes partly supported these relationships.

摘要

本研究采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对Alrawia、Bellevalia、Fessia、Muscari、Othocallis、Prospero、Puschkinia和Zagrosia属8种花粉微形态和超微结构进行了研究。所研究物种的花粉大小不同。Othocallis monanthos和Muscari ignoreum 分别具有最大和最小的花粉粒。基于极轴/赤道轴 (P/E) 比率，Bellevalia saviczii花粉呈过扁形，其余为扁圆形。赤道表面的外壁纹饰、沟缘外壁纹饰和花粉粒沟膜区的内壁纹饰在所有属的所选种中各不相同。各属外壁层均有半盖层、单柱状下盖层和不连续足层。M. ignoreum 、Prospero fallale和Zagrosia persica有不连续的内毒素。Alrawia bellii、P. fallale和Puschkinia scilloides 在O. monanthos的沟膜区域具有三个内膜层有两个，其余的物种有一个。此外，在那些在沟膜区域具有三层的物种中，外内层有许多通道。孢粉特征的树状图将它们分为三种花粉类型和六种花粉亚型。花粉类型验证了所研究属之间的系统发育关系，而花粉亚型部分支持了这些关系。