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Stretching Hookean ribbons part I: relative edge extension underlies transverse compression and buckling instability
The European Physical Journal E ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-06 , DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00092-z
Meng Xin 1 , Benny Davidovitch 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

The wrinkle pattern exhibited upon stretching a rectangular sheet has attracted considerable interest in the “extreme mechanics” community. Nevertheless, key aspects of this notable phenomenon remain elusive. Specifically—what is the origin of the compressive stress underlying the instability of the planar state? what is the nature of the ensuing bifurcation? how does the shape evolve from a critical, near-threshold regime to a fully developed pattern of parallel wrinkles that permeate most of the sheet? In this paper we address some of these questions through numerical simulations and analytic study of the planar state in Hookean sheets. We show that transverse compression is a boundary effect, which originates from the relative extension of the clamped edges with respect to the transversely contracted, compression-free bulk of the sheet, and draw analogy between this edge-induced compression and Moffatt vortices in viscous, cavity-driven flow. Next, we address the instability of the planar state and show that it gives rise to a buckling pattern, localized near the clamped edges, which evolves—upon increasing the tensile load—to wrinkles that invade the uncompressed portion of the sheet. Crucially, we show that the key aspects of the process—from the formation of transversely compressed zones, to the consequent instability of the planar state and the emergence of a wrinkle pattern—can be understood within a Hookean framework, where the only origin of nonlinear response is geometric, rather than a non-Hookean stress–strain relation.

Graphic abstract



中文翻译:

拉伸胡克丝带第 I 部分:相对边缘延伸是横向压缩和屈曲不稳定性的基础

摘要

拉伸矩形片材时显示的皱纹图案引起了“极限力学”社区的极大兴趣。然而,这一显着现象的关键方面仍然难以捉摸。具体来说——导致平面状态不稳定的压应力的起源是什么?随之而来的分岔的性质是什么?形状如何从临界的、接近阈值的状态演变为渗透大部分纸张的完全发展的平行皱纹模式?在本文中,我们通过对胡克片中平面状态的数值模拟和分析研究来解决其中的一些问题。我们表明横向压缩是一种边界效应,它源于夹紧边缘相对于横向收缩、无压缩的板材体积的相对延伸,并在粘性腔驱动流中的这种边缘诱导压缩和莫法特涡流之间进行类比。接下来,我们解决了平面状态的不稳定性问题,并表明它会产生一种屈曲模式,位于夹紧边缘附近,随着拉伸载荷的增加,这种模式会演变为侵入板材未压缩部分的皱纹。至关重要的是,我们表明该过程的关键方面——从横向压缩区域的形成,到随后的平面状态的不稳定性和皱纹图案的出现——可以在胡克框架内理解,其中非线性的唯一起源响应是几何的,而不是非胡克应力应变关系。我们解决了平面状态的不稳定性问题,并表明它会产生屈曲模式,位于夹紧边缘附近,随着拉伸载荷的增加,这种模式会演变为侵入板材未压缩部分的皱纹。至关重要的是,我们表明该过程的关键方面——从横向压缩区域的形成,到随后的平面状态的不稳定性和皱纹图案的出现——可以在胡克框架内理解,其中非线性的唯一起源响应是几何的,而不是非胡克应力应变关系。我们解决了平面状态的不稳定性问题,并表明它会产生屈曲模式,位于夹紧边缘附近,随着拉伸载荷的增加,这种模式会演变为侵入板材未压缩部分的皱纹。至关重要的是,我们表明该过程的关键方面——从横向压缩区域的形成,到随后的平面状态的不稳定性和皱纹图案的出现——可以在胡克框架内理解,其中非线性的唯一起源响应是几何的,而不是非胡克应力应变关系。

图形摘要

更新日期:2021-07-07
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