The possibility of Internet of Things (IoT) is that a large number of live items (e.g., apparatuses) in the network are available, detected, and interconnected. In any case, the performance of IoT networks may be limited due to several impairments, most importantly, the energy-constrained IoT nodes. In fact, this limitation opens the door to many researchers where using network clustering has proven to be efficient energy saving mechanism. To the best of our knowledge, there are no prior research, in the field of multi-hop clustered IoT networks, which addressed the energy-constrained IoT nodes problem along with the delay in receiving data messages from devices, located far away from the remote users (or control center), in timely basis. Practically, it is significantly challenging to contemplate and clarify this issue. Consequently, in this paper, we make major amendments on the prior work, Improved Energy and Distance Based CH Selection with Balanced Objective Function (IEDB-CHS-BOF), and particularly propose a multi-hop routing (MR) protocol in which the IoT network is divided into a number of virtual sections with lengths held below the cross-over communication distance, thereby ensuring minimal energy depletion. Over those virtual sections, efficient forwarder and cluster head selection algorithms are further proposed. Interestingly, we propose a novel delay-, power-, and interference-aware time slot allocation model in which Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) MAC protocols are operated. Furthermore, it is a good representation of the above-mentioned proposals. As a result, our protocols are referred to as MR-IEDB-CHS-TDMA and MR-IEDB-CHS-DSSS, respectively. To this end, numerous simulations have been conducted for evaluating the performance of the proposed protocols in the perspective of IoT network lifetime. In addition, sufficient comparisons have been conducted with the existing state-of-the-art protocols. In overall, the MR-IEDB-CHS-TDMA protocol keeps the IoT network functioning the longest.

物联网 (IoT) 的可能性在于，网络中的大量活动物品（例如，设备）可用、检测到并互连。在任何情况下，物联网网络的性能可能会因多种缺陷而受到限制，最重要的是，物联网节点的能量受限。事实上，这种限制为许多研究人员打开了大门，使用网络集群已被证明是一种有效的节能机制。据我们所知，在多跳集群物联网网络领域没有先前的研究来解决能源受限的物联网节点问题以及从远离远程设备的设备接收数据消息的延迟问题用户（或控制中心），及时。实际上，思考和澄清这个问题是非常具有挑战性的。最后，在本文中，我们对之前的工作“基于平衡目标函数的改进基于能量和距离的 CH 选择（IEDB-CHS-BOF）”进行了重大修改，特别提出了一种多跳路由（MR）协议，其中物联网网络分成多个虚拟部分，长度低于交叉通信距离，从而确保最小的能量消耗。在这些虚拟部分上，进一步提出了有效的转发器和簇头选择算法。有趣的是，我们提出了一种新颖的延迟、功率和干扰感知时隙分配模型，其中运行时分多址 (TDMA) 和直接序列扩频 (DSSS) MAC 协议。此外，它很好地体现了上述建议。因此，我们的协议分别称为 MR-IEDB-CHS-TDMA 和 MR-IEDB-CHS-DSSS。为此，已经进行了大量模拟，以从物联网网络生命周期的角度评估所提出协议的性能。此外，还与现有的最先进的协议进行了充分的比较。总的来说，MR-IEDB-CHS-TDMA 协议使物联网网络运行时间最长。