Continental Philosophy Review Pub Date : 2020-10-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s11007-020-09515-8 Michel Bitbol
According to Husserl, the epochè (or suspension of judgment) must be left incomplete. It is to be performed step by step, thus defining various layers of “reduction.” In phenomenology at least two such layers can be distinguished: the life-world reduction, and the transcendental reduction. Quantum physics was born from a particular variety of the life-world reduction: reduction to observables according to Heisenberg, and reduction to classical-like properties of experimental devices according to Bohr. But QBism has challenged this limited version of the phenomenological reduction advocated by the Copenhagen interpretation. QBists claim that quantum states are “expectations about experiences of pointer readings,” rather than expectations about pointer positions. Their focus on lived experience, not just on macroscopic variables, is tantamount to performing the transcendental reduction instead of stopping at the relatively superficial layer of the life-world reduction. I will show that quantum physics indeed gives us several reasons to go the whole way down to the deepest variety of phenomenological reduction, may be even farther than the standard QBist view: not only reduction to experience, or to “pure consciousness,” but also reduction to the “living present.”
中文翻译:
量子物理学中的生活世界简化是否足够?
根据胡塞尔的说法,时代(或判断的中止)必须是不完整的。它要一步一步地执行,从而定义“还原”的各个层次。在现象学中,至少可以区分两个这样的层次:生活世界的还原和先验还原。量子物理学诞生于生活世界还原的特殊变体:根据海森堡的还原为可观察的,以及根据玻尔的还原为实验设备的经典性质。但是,QBism 已经挑战了哥本哈根解释所提倡的现象学还原的这种有限版本。QBists 声称量子态是“对经验的期望”指针读数”,而不是对指针位置的期望。他们对生活经验的关注,而不仅仅是宏观变量,无异于进行先验还原,而不是停留在生活世界还原的相对表面层。我将表明,量子物理学确实给了我们几个理由,让我们深入到现象学还原的最深层次,甚至可能比标准的 QBist 观点更远:不仅还原到经验,或“纯粹意识”,而且还原为“活生生的礼物”。