Hazardous solid waste is one of the most serious problem faced by all over the World, which comprises spent solid adsorbents. Spent solid adsorbents are generally regenerated by different methods including solvent desorption, owning its merits and demerits. Basic information of desorption and eluent like desorption efficiency, desorption cycle, desorption breakthrough curve and eluent parameters are elucidated. Main objective of this review paper is explored batch and column desorption of metal, dye and other hazardous compounds using ion exchange compounds (such as acid and alkaline solution), organic solvent and mixture of these as an eluent in desorption study; and revealed that desorption is mostly depends upon ion exchange process. Desorption of positively charged metals is conducted using acid eluent, while alkaline solution is used to elute negatively charged dyes and other contaminations due to electrostatic attraction. Acidic eluent hydrochloric acid and alkaline eluent sodium hydroxide solution are most utilized for desorption study to elute copper(II) and anionic dye. Feasibility of these eluents using desorption cycles and its efficiency is also discussed in this paper.

有害固体废物是世界各地面临的最严重的问题之一，其中包括废固体吸附剂。用过的固体吸附剂通常通过不同的方法再生，包括溶剂解吸，各有优缺点。阐明了解吸和淋洗液的基本信息，如解吸效率、解吸循环、解吸穿透曲线和淋洗液参数。这篇综述论文的主要目的是探索使用离子交换化合物（如酸和碱溶液）、有机溶剂和它们的混合物作为解吸研究中的洗脱液，对金属、染料和其他有害化合物进行批量和柱解吸；并揭示解吸主要取决于离子交换过程。带正电金属的解吸使用酸性洗脱液进行，而碱性溶液用于洗脱带负电荷的染料和其他因静电吸引而产生的污染物。酸性洗脱液盐酸和碱性洗脱液氢氧化钠溶液最常用于解吸研究，以洗脱铜 (II) 和阴离子染料。本文还讨论了这些洗脱液使用解吸循环的可行性及其效率。