ABSTRACT

Introduction

The gut microbiota is composed of trillions of microbial cells and viruses that interact with hosts. The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by several factors including age, diet, diseases, or medications. The impact of drugs on the microbiota is not limited to antibiotics and many non-antibiotic molecules significantly alter the composition of the intestinal microbiota.

Areas covered

This review focuses on the impact of four of the most widely prescribed non-antibiotic drugs in the world: Proton-pump inhibitors, metformin, statins, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory. We conducted a systematic review by searching online databases including Medline, Web of science, and Scopus for indexed articles published in English until February 2021. We included studies assessing the intestinal microbiome alterations associated with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), metformin, statins, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Only studies using culture-independent molecular techniques were included.

Expert opinion

The taxonomical signature associated with non-antibiotic drugs are not yet fully described, especially in the field of metabolomic. The identification of taxonomic profiles associated a specific molecule provides information on its mechanism of action through interaction with the intestinal microbiota. Many side effects could be related to the dysbiosis induced by these molecules.

中文翻译：

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非抗生素药物对人体肠道微生物组的影响

摘要

介绍

肠道微生物群由数以万亿计的与宿主相互作用的微生物细胞和病毒组成。肠道微生物群的组成受多种因素影响，包括年龄、饮食、疾病或药物。药物对微生物群的影响不仅限于抗生素，许多非抗生素分子显着改变了肠道微生物群的组成。

涵盖的领域

本综述重点关注世界上使用最广泛的四种非抗生素药物的影响：质子泵抑制剂、二甲双胍、他汀类药物和非甾体抗炎药。我们通过搜索在线数据库（包括 Medline、Web of science 和 Scopus）进行了系统评价，以检索截至 2021 年 2 月以英文发表的索引文章。我们纳入了评估与质子泵抑制剂 (PPI)、二甲双胍、他汀类药物相关的肠道微生物组改变的研究。非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）。仅包括使用不依赖于培养的分子技术的研究。

专家意见

与非抗生素药物相关的分类学特征尚未完全描述，特别是在代谢组学领域。与特定分子相关的分类谱的鉴定通过与肠道微生物群的相互作用提供了有关其作用机制的信息。许多副作用可能与这些分子引起的生态失调有关。