Background

COVID-19, as a novel coronavirus disease caused by new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, spreads all over the world, and brings harm to human in many countries. Humans suffered a lot from both SARS-CoV-2 now and by SARS-CoV in the year 2003. It is important to understand the differences and the relationships between these two types of viruses.

Objective

To compare relative synonymous codon usage of ORF1ab gene in SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, relative synonymous codon usage of their genomes are studied in this paper from the bioinformatics perspective.

Methods

The ORF1ab gene, which is an important non-structural polyprotein coding gene and now used for nucleic acid detection markers in many measurement method, in both SARS-CoV-2 (30 strains) and SARS-CoV (20 strains) are considered to be the research object in the present paper. The relative synonymous codon usage values of the ORF1ab gene are calculated to characterize the differences and the evolutionary characteristics among 50 strains.

Results

There is a significant difference between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 when the relative synonymous codon usage value of ORF1ab genes is concerned. The results suggest that codon usage pattern of SARS-CoV is more similar to human than that of the SARS-CoV-2, and that the inner difference in SARS-CoV-2 strains is larger than that of SARS-CoV, which denote the larger diversity exits in the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Conclusion

These results show that the relative synonymous codon usage values in the coronavirus could be used for further research on their evolutionary phenomenon.

中文翻译：

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ORF1ab 在 SARS-CoV-2 和 SARS-CoV 中的相对同义密码子使用

背景

COVID-19作为一种由新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2引起的新型冠状病毒疾病，在世界范围内蔓延，并给许多国家的人类带来危害。人类从现在的 SARS-CoV-2 和 2003 年的 SARS-CoV 中遭受了很多痛苦。了解这两种病毒之间的差异和关系非常重要。

客观的

为了比较 SARS-CoV-2 和 SARS-CoV 中 ORF1ab 基因的相对同义密码子使用情况，本文从生物信息学的角度研究了它们基因组的相对同义密码子使用情况。

方法

ORF1ab基因是一种重要的非结构多聚蛋白编码基因，目前在许多测量方法中用作核酸检测标志物，在SARS-CoV-2（30株）和SARS-CoV（20株）中都被认为是本论文的研究对象。计算ORF1ab基因的相对同义密码子使用值，以表征50个菌株之间的差异和进化特征。

结果

就 ORF1ab 基因的相对同义密码子使用值而言，SARS-CoV 和 SARS-CoV-2 之间存在显着差异。结果表明，与 SARS-CoV-2 相比，SARS-CoV 的密码子使用模式与人类更相似，并且 SARS-CoV-2 毒株的内部差异大于 SARS-CoV，这表示SARS-CoV-2 病毒存在更大的多样性。

结论

这些结果表明，冠状病毒中的相对同义密码子使用值可用于进一步研究其进化现象。